Classical Psychoanalytic Theory

Question 1

What is included in the topographical model?

Freud, 1900

Answer 1

Unconscious
Preconscious
Conscious

Question 2

What is meant by the unconscious?

Freud, 1900

Answer 2

This contains those thoughts, ideas,and feelings that are unacceptable

Question 3

What is meant by the preconscious?

Freud, 1900

Answer 3

This contains acceptable thoughts, ideas, and feelings that are capable of becoming conscious

Question 4

What is meant by the conscious?

Freud, 1900

Answer 4

This contains those thoughts, ideas, and feelings that are in awareness at any particular time

Question 5

What is included in the structural model?

Freud, 1923

Answer 5

Id
Ego
Superego

Question 6

What is meant by the id?

Freud, 1923

Answer 6

The unconscious part of the mind
Is pleasure seeking - functions on the pleasure principle
Similar to the unconscious

Question 7

What is meant by the ego?

Freud, 1923

Answer 7

The rational mediator between the id and the superego
Hopes to find compromise between the wishes of the id and the strict demands of the superego
Similar to the preconscious

Question 8

What is meant by the superego?

Freud, 1923

Answer 8

The irrationally moralistic aspect of the mind

Similar to the conscious

Question 9

What did Freud say about dreams? (1900)

Answer 9

They are the disguised fulfillment of repressed wishes
Exist on the border of unconscious and preconscious
The meaning of the dreams are determined by the associations of the dreamer

Question 10

What is the manifest content of a dream? (Freud, 1900)

Answer 10

The actual dream experienced by the dreamer

Question 11

What is the latent content of the dream? (Freud, 1900)

Answer 11

The true meaning of the dreams, the underlying meanings

Question 12

What is the citation for the topographical model?

Answer 12

Freud, 1900

Question 13

What is the citation for dream content and analysis?

Answer 13

Freud, 1900

Question 14

What is meant by the drive/conflict model? (Freud, 1905)

Answer 14

The conflict that occurs in controlling the id in order to satisfy social demands
Conflict occurs between frustrated wishes and social norms

Question 15

What are the 5 stages in psychosexual development? (Freud, 1905)

Answer 15

Oral
Anal
Phallic
Latency
Genital

Question 16

What is the purpose of the psychosexual stages of development?

Answer 16

For the child to learn to delay gratification
Occurs through vacillating between sufficient gratification and developmentally appropriate frustration
To replace/relinquish the pleasure principle with the reality principle

Question 17

What causes pathology (related to psychosexual stages)? (Freud, 1905)

Answer 17

Being overly frustrated or overly gratified at specific stages results in fixation
Oral - depressed, dependent, addictions
Anal - obsessional; issues of orderliness, neatness, perfectionism, control
Phallic - hysterical; women become whores, men become aggressive
Latency - sexual unfullfillment

Question 18

What is the citation for the psychosexual stages of development?

Answer 18

Freud, 1905

Question 19

What is the citation for the structural model?

Answer 19

Freud, 1923

Question 20

What is the superego divided into? (Auld and Hyman, 1991)

Answer 20

Conscience - internalization of the punishments and warnings

Ego ideal - based on the rewards and positive models that person has encountered

Question 21

What is compromise formation? (Freud, 1923)

Answer 21

Adequate satisfaction of each part of the structural model

Question 22

How does pathology occur (related to compromise formation)? (Freud, 1923)

Answer 22

Desires of the id become overwhelming and the ego defenses fails
Occurs when a compromise cannot be reached
Repressed material surfaces into the conscious, disguised as symptoms

Question 23

What is the citation for compromise formation?

Answer 23

Freud, 1923

Question 24

What are defense mechanisms? (Auld and Hyman, 1991)

Answer 24

Ways in which the ego blocks impulses or distorts threats into more acceptable forms

Question 25

What does the defensive system serve to do? (Auld and Hyman, 1991)

Answer 25

Express the infantile wish Minimize the anxiety stirred by the wish Maintain repression - necessary if anxiety is to be held in check

Question 26

What is ego-dystonic? (Freud, 1914)

Answer 26

Thoughts and behaviors that are in conflict with the needs and goals of the ego Conflict with the person's ideal self-image

Question 27

What is transference? (Freud, 1912)

Answer 27

Client's response to the therapist Positive - attachment; represents libidinal strivings of the client Negative - inappropriate, angry feelings towards the therapist

Question 28

What is countertransference? (Freud, 1912)

Answer 28

Feelings of the therapist towards the client

Question 29

What is the citation for transference and countertransference?

Answer 29

Freud, 1912

Question 30

What are the techniques in psychoanalytic treatment? | Freud, 1937

Answer 30

``` Free association Confrontation Clarification Interpretation Working through ```

Question 31

What is meant by free association? (Freud, 1937)

Answer 31

Client shares thoughts, random words, and anything else that comes to mind, regardless of how coherent or appropriate

Question 32

What is meant by confrontation? (Freud, 1937)

Answer 32

Presenting to the client what has become preconscious | Calling attention to an action or utterance

Question 33

What is meant by clarification? (Freud, 1937)

Answer 33

Description of the basis on which the therapist perceives the operation of the unconscious process

Question 34

What is meant by interpretation? (Freud, 1937)

Answer 34

Making what was unconscious, conscious | Labeling of a wish-defense complex in any of its aspects or layers

Question 35

What is meant by working through? (Freud, 1937)

Answer 35

Interpretation of each aspect of a segment of the infantile neurosis Client comes to recognize the impact of the neurotic conflict in many areas of life and in relationships with other people

Question 36

What is the citation for psychoanalytic techniques?

Answer 36

Freud, 1937

Question 37

What are the curative factors of psychoanalytic theory?

Answer 37

Resolution of conflict - undo repression and make the UCS, CS Pleasure principle giving way to the reality principle

Question 38

What is the citation for the curative factors of psychoanalytic theory?

Answer 38

Freud, 1937

Question 39

What are the goals of psychoanalytic theory? (Freud, 1923)

Answer 39

``` Strengthen the ego Finding more adaptive ways of coping Use more mature defenses Make unconscious, conscious Save/consevre mental energy ```

Question 40

What is the citation for goals of psychoanalytic theory?

Answer 40

Freud, 1923

Question 41

What is ego strength? (Hartmann, 1939)

Answer 41

Capacity to acknowledge reality, even when unpleasant, without resorting to primitive defenses

Question 42

What are the major components of ego psychology? (Freud, 1936)

Answer 42

Adaptation Reality testing Defenses

Question 43

What is included in the functions of the ego? (Freud, 1936)

Answer 43

``` Impulse control Judgment Affect regulation Reality testing Defenses ```

Question 44

How does the ego develop? (Freud, 1936)

Answer 44

Develops out of frustration Must learn to tolerate frustration and delay gratification Leads to development of defenses

Question 45

How does pathology develop (regarding ego psychology)? (Freud, 1936)

Answer 45

Results from aberrant ego development Primitive and rigid defenses develop Superego is harsh Poor ego functioning

Question 46

What techniques are included in ego psychology? (Freud, 1936)

Answer 46

Therapist acts as the observing ego - interpreting defenses Interpret superego functioning Client identifies with the therapist and is able to develop their own observing ego