Classification and Diagnosis Flashcards
What is reliability and an example of it
Consistent-the same every time
e.g. a patient is diagnosed with SZ by more than one doctor
What is inter-rater reliability and an example
the degree to which different observers give consistent estimates of the same behaviour e.g. Cheniaux et al (2009)
What was Cheniaux et al(2009)
He had 2 psychiatrists diagnose patients using either DSM or ICD-11
What were the results from Cheniaux et al (2009)
Psychiatrist 1- DSM=2 ICD-11= 44
Psychiatrists 2- DSM=13 ICD-11=24
What is validity
The extent to which the diagnosis and classification techniques measure what they are designed to measure
What is concurrent validity
where 2 different measures agree with each other. So in SZ it’s assessing to see if doctors get the same result
Example of concurrent validity
Cheniaux et al (2009) suggests that it’s more likely to get diagnosed using ICD rather than DSM suggesting SZ is either over diagnosed in ICD and under diagnosed in DSM
What is co-morbidity
Occurrence of 2 illnesses together, which can confuse diagnosis and treatment
An example of co-morbidity
People with SZ commonly have depression making it difficult to accurately diagnose them
What is system overlap
Symptoms can be the same for different illnesses, can effect correct diagnosis, effecting the validity and reliability
Why is there a cultural bias in the classification and diagnosis in SZ
In some cultures (African) positive symptoms such as hallucinations and hearing voices are more acceptable due to their cultural beliefs. However in western countries they’re are seemed to be bizarre and weird
Why is there a gender bias in the classification and diagnosis in SZ
Men are more likely to get SZ
LONGENECKER looked at studies and found that less women are diagnosed with SZ than men- women either under diagnosed or better at functioning with their symptoms
