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Biol B Midterm 1 > Classification and Phylogeny > Flashcards

Classification and Phylogeny Flashcards

1
Q

tree of life

A

complete, evolutionary history of life

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2
Q

three branches of tree of life

A

eukarya, bacteria, archea

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3
Q

phylogenetic tree

A

tree of life

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4
Q

phylogeny

A

evolutionary history of relationships among organisms

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5
Q

lineage

A

evolves over time

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6
Q

node represents

A

separation of two species

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7
Q

names for the branches represent

A

classification

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8
Q

binomial name

A

genus and species

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9
Q

higher(more broad) taxonomic categories are

A

arbitrary(random?)

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10
Q

what needs to happen before a group of organisms can be placed on a phylogenetic tree

A

they need to be defined

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11
Q

taxon

A

any group of species we name

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12
Q

clade/monophyletic group

A

descendents of a common ancestor

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13
Q

homologous traits

A

features shared by two or more species that were inherited from a common ancestor

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14
Q

phylogenetic trees are constructed based on

A

homologous traits

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15
Q

convergent evolution

A

independently evolved traits subject to similar selection pressures may become superficially similar

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16
Q

convergent evolution example dolphins

A

dolphins and sharks’ common ancestor dont have this body shape but because of environmental conditions they have this common shape

17
Q

homoplasy

A

analogous trait

18
Q

analogous trait

A

development of bodily structures within diff species that resemble in look and function but did not have a common ancestral origin

19
Q

how can we tell if traits are homoplasies

A

examine common ancestor

20
Q

ancestral trait

A

trait present in the ancestor

21
Q

derived trait

A

trait that differs from the ancestral trait

22
Q

all lineages contain a mixture of

A

ancestral and derived traits

Biol B Midterm 1 (7 decks)

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