Classification of Aphasia

Question 1

What is Anomia?

Answer 1

word finding difficulties

Question 2

Define Paraphasias

Answer 2

substitution of word with alternatives

Question 3

What are two subtypes of paraphasias

Answer 3

Lexical (word), sublexical (nonword)

Question 4

Within Lexical paraphasias what are the 4 subtypes

Answer 4

If Target is Cat
Semantic: meaning related (e.g. dog) 
Phonemic: sound-related (e.g. car) 
Mixed: meaning and sound (e.g. rat) 
Unrelated (e.g. pink)

Question 5

Within Sub-Lexical paraphasias what are the 2 subtypes

Answer 5

e.g. if target = ‘mother’
Phonemic: non-word related in sound (e.g. ‘mofster’
Neologistic: non-word

Question 6

missing functional words and grammatical morphemes in speech; characterized by nouns and main verbs is termed?

Answer 6

agrammatism

Question 7

What is Paragrammatism

Answer 7

errors made in use of some grammatical/functional words in speech

Question 8

what is jargon

Answer 8

intact syntax but lack of content or meaningful sentences

Question 9

What do we call it when a client is using one word to represent many concepts; more typical in severe aphasia in which client only has one word or phrase

Answer 9

Verbal Stereotypes

Question 10

weakness of speech muscles resulting in underarticulation and difficulties with co-articulationis termed?

Answer 10

Dysarthria

Question 11

Define apraxia

Answer 11

difficulty sequencing and programming speech; often comorbid with aphasia

Question 12

Define Agnosia

Answer 12

difficulty recognizing stimuli – not a perceptual challenge as but a lack of interpretation of stimuli

Question 13

What is the Classical school (syndrome) approach of classifying aphasias

Answer 13

basis in anatomy; classified by brain regions and its language correlates

Question 14

What is the linguistic view of classifying aphasias

Answer 14

“boxes and arrows” approach

Question 15

What is the social view of classifying aphasias

Answer 15

viewing person as whole and determining how disability affects their social function

Question 16

What are 3 assumptions made by the Wernicke and Lichtheim model (classical subtypes)

Answer 16

1) syndrome of disproportionality - (Some abilities preserved, while others are impaired)
2) affected brain region associated with symptomatology
3) area of lesion will determine strengths/weaknesses

Question 17

What are typical symptoms associated with frontal lesions

Answer 17

speech production impaired, auditory comprehension relatively spared

Question 18

What are typical symptoms associated with Temporal lesions

Answer 18

auditory comprehension impaired: speech production relatively spared

Question 19

Which type of Aphasia is associated with this list of symptoms:
Fluency: Spared (Fluent syntax but high incidence of jargon, parapahsias and paragrammatism)
Naming: Impaired
Comp: POOR (oral and reading)
Repetition: Varies

Answer 19

Wernicke’s

Question 20

Where is site of lesion in Wernicke’s

Answer 20

Posterior temporal lobe lesions

Question 21

Which type of Aphasia is associated with this list of symptoms:
Fluency: Non-fluent (Agrammatic, single words)
Naming: Impaired
Comp: Auditory = Spared (better with simple than complex sentences)
Reading = mildly impaired
Repetition: POOR

Answer 21

Broca’s

Question 22

Where is site of lesion in Broca’s Aphasia

Answer 22

Inferior frontal lobe (Broca’s area)

Question 23

Which type of Aphasia is associated with this list of symptoms:
Fluency: Fluent
Naming: IMPAIRED
Comp: Mild impairment
Repetition: mild impairment

Answer 23

Anomia

Question 24

Where is site of lesion in Anomic aphaisa

Answer 24

Inferior parietal lobe /

Connection between parietal and temporal lobes

Question 25

``` Which type of Aphasia is associated with this list of symptoms: Fluency: Non-Fluent Naming: Impaired Comp: Mild impairment Repetition: Good ```

Answer 25

Transcortical Motor

Question 26

Where is site of lesion in Transcortical motor

Answer 26

White matter tracks deep to Broca's area

Question 27

``` Which type of Aphasia is associated with this list of symptoms: Fluency: Non-Fluent Naming: SEVERE impairment Comp: Poor Repetition: Poor ```

Answer 27

Global

Question 28

Where is site of lesion in Global aphasia

Answer 28

perisylvian association cortex

Question 29

``` Which type of Aphasia is associated with this list of symptoms: Fluency: Fluent Naming: Impaired Comp: Poor Repetition: Good ```

Answer 29

Transcortical Sensory

Question 30

Where is site of lesion in Transcortical Sensory Aphasia

Answer 30

White matter tracts connecting parietal lobe to temporal lobe

Question 31

``` Which type of Aphasia is associated with this list of symptoms: Fluency: Fluent Naming: Impaired Comp: Mildly impaired Repetition: Poor ```

Answer 31

Conduction Aphasia

Question 32

Where is site of lesion in Conduction aphasia

Answer 32

Arcuate fasiculus (connection b/w Broca's and Wernicke's)

Question 33

Which type of Non-fluent Aphasia has severely impaired audio comprehension and is similar to Global Aphasia but less severe?

Answer 33

Mixed Non-fluent | aka isolation aphasia

Question 34

Where is site of lesion in Mixed non-fluent aphasia

Answer 34

* result of damage that isolates the language areas (Broca’s, Wernicke’s, and the arcuate fasciculus) from other brain regions * These areas are left in tact, just isolated

Question 35

``` Which type of aphasia has fluent speech with semantic paraphasias and neologisms (made up words) • good comprehension • Spared of repetition • word retrieval difficulties (category specific) ```

Answer 35

Thalamic

Question 36

Where is the lesion in Thalamic Aphasia

Answer 36

Thalamus

Question 37

Which type of Aphasia has slow + poorly articulated speech like Broca's, but unlike Broca’s has in-tact grammatical form?

Answer 37

Anterior Subcortical

Question 38

Which type of subcortical Aphasia is considered similar to Wernicke's?

Answer 38

Posterior Subcortical