Classification of living things

Question 1

What are the 3 Species Concept’s

Answer 1

1. Morphology –> Body shape, Size and other structural features
2. Biology –> Can two organisms produce fertile offspring
3. Phylogeny –> The evolutionary history of organisms

Question 2

What is Taxonomy?

Answer 2

The practice of classifying organism
It is the branch of biology that identifies names and classifies organisms
~Swedish Scientist Carolous Linnaeus (carl Von Linne) is referred to ask the father of Taxonomy
He Created Binomial Nomenclature

Question 3

What is Taxis?

Answer 3

The arrangement and names means law

Question 4

How do you write a scientific name?

Answer 4

1. If you are typing a scientific name it has to be in italics
2. If you are hand writing a scientific name it has to be underlined
3. The first letter of the first word needs to be capitalized and the first letter of the second word needs to be lowercased

Question 5

What are the 7 Taxon’s in order?

Answer 5

Kingdom, phylum, Class. order , family genus, species

Question 6

Why do we have the taxon’s?

Answer 6

To distinguish different degrees of similarity each kingdom is subdivided serval times into progressively smaller groups

Question 7

What are the 3 Domains?

Answer 7

1. Archaea- Single celled no nucleus and live in extreme conditions
2. Bacteria - No nucleus, single celled, live in moderate conditions
3. Eukarya- Single celled or multi celled. Have a true nucleus

Question 8

What are kingdoms?

Answer 8

The largest and most general taxa including thousands of species

Question 9

What are Species?

Answer 9

A group of organisms that can interbreed in nature and produce fertile offspring

Question 10

what us Binomial Nomenclature

Answer 10

A system of using two word names of each species
The first word is the name of the gene the organism is classified in
The second word identifies the particular species

Question 11

What is evidence from anatomy

Answer 11

The branch of biology that deals with structure and form including internal systems

Question 12

What is Homologous

Answer 12

Biological features that have a common origin but serve different functions

Question 13

What is Analogous

Answer 13

Biological features that have a similar function but a different origin

Question 14

What are Vestigial Structures

Answer 14

• These are non functioning structures that are homologous to fully functioning structures in closely related species
• The existence of the hipbone suggests that whales evolved from ancestors with hind legs

Question 15

What is evidence from development

Answer 15

Comparison of early stages of embryonic development cap reveal relationships among species that are not obvious from comparison of adult organisms

Question 16

What is evidence from Biochemistry

Answer 16

• Technology has allowed scientist to look at organisms at a fundamental level
• The molecules from which they are made of comparison protein molecule’s ( determined by your genes) can indicate genetic similarities and differences

Question 17

What is Evidence from DNA

Answer 17

-DNA analysis is a powerful and precise method for measuring the closeness of relationships among different organisms

Question 18

What are the 6 Kingdoms

Answer 18

Fungi, Animalia, Plantae, Protista, bacteria and archaea

Question 19

What are the two major cells

Answer 19

1. Prokaryotic

2. Eukaryotic

Question 20

What are Prokaryotic

Answer 20

A smaller, simple type of cell that does not have a membrane bound nucleus

Question 21

What are Eukaryotic

Answer 21

Means “true nucleus”
They are larger, complex type of call that does not have a membrane bound nucleus
Can be about 1000 times larger than a prokaryotic cell

Question 22

What are the two types of measuring organism

Answer 22

mm=  micrometer
nm= nano meter