Classification of materials Flashcards by Deleted Deleted

3 categories for metal?

ferrous, non ferrous, alloys

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What are Alloys?

Mixtures of two or more metals in order to produce a metal with improved properties

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Name 4 alloys

-Brass
-Stainless steel
-Bronze
-Pewter

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Describe Brass’ charateristics

-malleable
-easy to cast
-good electrical condoctor
-can be polished
$$$

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What is Brass used for

-musical instuments
-Plumbing

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What are the characteristics of stainless steel

-doesn’t rust
-hard & smooth
-malleable
-easily cleaned
-can be recycled

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What is stainless steel used for?

-Cutlery
-medical tools

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What are the characteristics of Bronze?

-Tough
-corrosion resistant
-can be cast

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What is Bronze used for?

-statues
-coins

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What are the characteristics of Pewter?

-malleable
-low melting point
-casts well

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What is Pewter used for?

-Jewelry
-Decorative items

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What is a pure metal?

a metal on the periodic table

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What are non-ferrous metals?

metals that DO NOT CONTAIN IRON so they ARE NOT magnetic and WILL tarnish

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Name 6 non-ferrous metals

-Aluminium
-Copper
-Tin
-Titanium
-Gold
-Silver

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What are the characteristics of Aluminium?

-Light
-High strength to weight ratio
-ductile
$$$

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What is aluminium used for?

-Pots & pans
-Cars
-cans

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What are the charateristics of copper

-Ductile
-Malleable
-good conductor
-does tarnish
$$$

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What is copper used for?

Plumbing supplies & cables

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What are the characteristics of Tin?

-Soft
-Malleable
-good condoctor
-less dense than steel

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What is Tin used for?

Used as a protective coating (glavanising)

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What are the characteristics of Titanium

-Hard
-Good strength to weight ratio
-High corrosive resistance

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What is titanium used for?

-Hip replacements
-golf clubs
-aircrafts
-will not tarnish

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What are the characteristics of Gold?

-Malleable
-ductile
-corrosion resistant

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What is Gold used for?

-Jewellery
-electronic componets

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What are the characteristics of silver?

-Malleable -ductile -can be soldered

What is silver used for?

-Jewellery -cutlery -plating other metals

what are ferrous metals?

meatls that contain IRON so are MAGNETIC and WILL RUST

Name 4 ferrous metals

-Low carbon steel -medium carbon steel -High carbon steel -Cast Iron

What are the characteristics of Low carbon steel?

-Tough -ductile -easily machined and welded

What is Low carbon steel used for?

-Construction -screws -cars

What are the characteristics of Medium carbon steel?

-less ductile -malleable -tough

What is medium carbon steel used for?

-springs -gardening tools

What are the characteristics of High carbon steel?

-Hard -wears well -Resists abrasion

What can High carbon steel be used for?

-tools -blades -drills -knives

what are the characteristics of cast iron?

-hard and brittle -easily cast -hard to machine

What can Cast iron be used for?

-Pots -pans -vices -Pillars in buildings

What are the general performance characteristics of metals

- Good conductors - Suitable for a range of uses - Can be joined and shaped using a variety of processes - Can be recycled - Biodegradable - Non-renewable resource - Takes on a variety of coatings and finishes

What are the stock forms of metals?

-Sheets -plates -bars -tubes -structural angular shapes

What does the primary processing of metals include?

-Metals being processed from ores in the ground -Ore put in blast furnace (extraction) -The metal is then separated from the waste material

What are Manufactured boards?

man-made boards using a mixture of natural timbers and adhesives

Name 5 types of manufactured boards?

-Plywood -Aeroply -Flexi-ply -Chipboard -MDF

Describe Plywood

-Thin layers of wood placed at 90 degrees from each other and glued -This prevents warping and helps with strength

What is plywood used for?

-Indoor furniture -Floorboards

Describe Aeroply

-Plywood made from birch -thin and lightweight -easy to bend

What is Aeroply used for?

-Jewellery -gliders -furniture

Describe Flexi-ply

-two outer layer of the plywood made from open-grained timber -allowing it to flex

Describe chipboard (LDF)

- LDF= low density fibre board -wood chips compressed with resin

What is Felxi-ply used for?

-laminated furniture -curved panels

What is chipboard used for?

-kitchen units -shelving -flat pack furniture

Describe MDF

- MDF= medium density fibreboard -compressed wood dust fibres with resin

What can MDF be used for?

-model making -furniture

Advantages of manufactured boards

-comes in sheet form (good for manufacturing) -guaranteed consistency (no knots/ splits) -cheaper and more sustainable (recycled timber)

What are HARDWOODS?

-wood from deciduous trees these trees: -loose their leaves -stop growing in winter -produce fruit and flowers in spring

Name 6 hardwoods?

-Oak -Ash -Mahogany -Teak -Birch -Beech

Describe oak

-Hard -Tough -good weather resistance -attractive grain

What is oak used for?

-Furnaiture -Flooring -Joinery

Describe ash wood

-Tough -attractive grain -open grain makes it flexible

What is ash wood used for?

-Ladders -tools -laminating

Describe Mahogany

-easily worked -durable -high quality finish

what is Mahogany used for?

High end furniture

Describe Teak

-Hard -Tough -natural oils resist moisture

What is Teak used for?

-Outdoor furniture -lab bench

Describe Birch

-Hard -Closed grained -resistant to warping

What is Birch used for?

-furniture -indoor paneling and veneers

Describe Beech

-Fine finish (finishes well) -tough -durable -warps easily

What is beech used for?

-Toys -furniture -veneers

What are SOFTWOODS?

-woods from coniferous trees -Evergreen (grow all year round) -Thin spike leaves and produce nuts

Name 4 softwoods

-Pine -Spruce -Larch -Cedar

Describe Pine

-Light -easy to work with -prone to warping and splitting -has lots of knots

what is Pine used for?

-Cheap furniture -Construction -Decking

Describe Spruce

-Easy to work with -high stiffness -can decay quickly

What is spruce used for?

-furniture -musical instruments -construction

Describe Larch

-Durable -Tough -Good water resistance -finishes well

What is Larch used for?

-furniture -flooring -used outdoors

Describe Cedar

-Acidic nature causes metal corrosion -low density -rot + insect resistant

What is Cedar used for?

-Exterior cladding -sheds -greenhouses

What are some general characteristics of woods

-Strong in grain direction -Seasoning woods prevents defects e.g twisting -Wood dust can be hazardous to humans -Biodegradable -recyclable -can come from sustainable forests

what are the stock forms of Woods

-Sheets -boards -dowels -mouldings

what are the stock forms of Woods

-Sheets -boards -dowels -mouldings

Disadvantages of manufactured boards

-easily peeled off -not resistant to insects -difficult to cut

Advantages of natural woods

-suggest quality -attractive -some last in wet conditions -strong and durable

Disadvantage of natural woods

-have knots and splits (inconsistent) -will rot if not treated

Classification of materials Flashcards

(82 cards)