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Classification of Medically Important Parasites Flashcards

1
Q

3 major groups of clinically significant parasites, namely:

A
  1. Single- Celled parasites: Protozoans
  2. Multicellular worms: Metazoan helminthes
  3. Arthropods
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2
Q

The parasites of man are mostly contained in around how many subdivisions or phyla?

A

8 (eight) (walo)

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3
Q

• Classification to any group or subdivision is based predominantly on ?

A

morphologic characteristics

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4
Q

morphologic characteristics

A

PROTOZOANS

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5
Q
  • Nucleus/nuclei, cytoplasm, outer limiting membrane, organelles (contractile vacuoles, rudimentary digestive organs etc.)
A

PROTOZOANS

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6
Q
  • Require a wet environment for feeding, locomotion, osmoregulation and reproduction
A

PROTOZOANS

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7
Q
  • They form trophozoites (active, feeding, reproduction) and cysts (inactive) except for Naegleria
A

PROTOZOANS

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8
Q
  • Nutrition of all protozoans are?
A

HOLOZOIC (require organic materials, which may be particulate or in solution)

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9
Q

what are the 2 Subphya ofPhylum Sarcomastigophora ?

A
  1. Subphyla Mastigophora

2. Subphyla Sarcodina

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10
Q
  • Subphyla Mastigophora

• Organelle of locomotion?

A

Flagella

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11
Q

• Asexual Reproduction (longitudinal)?

A

A. Phylum Sarcomastigophora

- Subphyla Mastigophora

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12
Q

what Kingdom and Phylum and subphylum?- Giardia: Giardiasis

A

Subkingdom Protozoa
A. Phylum Sarcomastigophora
- Subphyla Mastigophora

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13
Q

what Kingdom and Phylum and subphylum?- Chilomastix

A

Subkingdom Protozoa
A. Phylum Sarcomastigophora
- Subphyla Mastigophora

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14
Q

what Kingdom and Phylum and subphylum?- Thrichomonas:

A

Subkingdom Protozoa
A. Phylum Sarcomastigophora
- Subphyla Mastigophora

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15
Q

what Kingdom and Phylum and subphylum? Thrichomoniasis

A

Subkingdom Protozoa
A. Phylum Sarcomastigophora
- Subphyla Mastigophora

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16
Q

what Kingdom and Phylum and subphylum?- Dientamoeba

A

Subkingdom Protozoa
A. Phylum Sarcomastigophora
- Subphyla Mastigophora

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17
Q

what Kingdom and Phylum and subphylum? - Trypanosoma: Chagas Disease

A

Subkingdom Protozoa
A. Phylum Sarcomastigophora
- Subphyla Mastigophora

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18
Q

what Kingdom and Phylum and subphylum? African Sleeping Sickness

A

Subkingdom Protozoa
A. Phylum Sarcomastigophora
- Subphyla Mastigophora

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19
Q

what Kingdom and Phylum and subphylum? - Leishmania: Leishmaniasis (Cutaneous, Visceral)

A

Subkingdom Protozoa
A. Phylum Sarcomastigophora
- Subphyla Mastigophora

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20
Q
  • Subphyla Sarcodina

• Organelle of locomotion?

A

Psuedopodia

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21
Q
  • Asexual Reproduction

* May either be Intestinal or Extra Intestinal

A
  • Subphyla Sarcodina
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22
Q

Intestinal or Estraintesninal???

A

Entamoeba spp. , Lodamoeba butschii, Endolimax nana

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23
Q

Intestinal or Estraintesninal???

A

Naegleria, Acanthamoeba, Entamoeba gingivalis

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24
Q

B. Phylum Ciliophora

• Organ of locomotion?

A

Cilia

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25
• Asexual reproduction (Transverse)
B. Phylum Ciliophora
26
what phylum do they belong??• Balantidium colo: Balatidiasis or Balantidial dystentery
B. Phylum Ciliophora
27
• Presence of an apical complex at the anterior end (polar rings, subpellicular tubules, conoid, rhoptries, micronemes)
C. Phylum Apicomplexa | - Class Sporozoa
28
• All members are parasitic
C. Phylum Apicomplexa | - Class Sporozoa
29
• Life cycle is characterized by an alteration of generation (one sexual and one asexual)
C. Phylum Apicomplexa | - Class Sporozoa
30
- Spore forming
D. Phylum Microspora*
31
- Possess a unique extrusion apparatus which enables them to insert infective material to the host cell
D. Phylum Microspora*
32
from what phylum - Opportunistic infections among immune-compromised - Enterocytozoon, Encephalitozoon, Microspridium
D. Phylum Microspora*
33
from what phylum and class- Toxoplasma: Toxoplasmosis
C. Phylum Apicomplexa | - Class Sporozoa
34
phylum and class?- Cyclospora
Phylum Apicomplexa | - Class Sporozoa
35
phylum and class?- Crypatosporidium: Cryptosporidiosis
Phylum Apicomplexa | - Class Sporozoa
36
phylum and class?- Babesia: Babesiosis
Phylum Apicomplexa | - Class Sporozoa
37
phylum and class?- Plasmodium: Malaria
Phylum Apicomplexa | - Class Sporozoa
38
• Multicellular and contain internal organ system
METAZOAN HELMINTHS
39
are worm-like parasites
HELMINTHS
40
• Characterized by elongated, flat or round bodies
METAZOAN HELMINTHS
41
• Egg, larval (juvenile), and adult stages
METAZOAN HELMINTHS
42
• Predominantly coelamate (fluid-filled body cavity in which the gut and the organs are suspended
Phylum Annelida
43
divided into separate compartments by partitions called septa what part??
coelom
44
• Segmented with repetitive parts
Phylum Annelida
45
• Several well developed body systems (e.g. digestive, nervous, excretory, etc.)
Phylum Annelida
46
• EX. Leeches
Phylum Annelida
47
what phylum, kingdom and class are (Roundworms)??
• Phylum Nemathelminthes -Class Nematoda METAZOAN HELMINTHS
48
o Unsegmented (non-metameric
Class Nematoda
49
o Bilaterally symmetrical | o Triploblastic
Phylum Nemathelminthes | -Class Nematoda
50
``` o Pseudocoelomate (they have a cavity called a pseudocoel between the gut and the body wall: tube within a tube type of body plan) Complete digestive tract (oral aperture > subterminal anus ```
Phylum Nemathelminthes | -Class Nematoda
51
are diecious (separate sexes)
nematodes
52
sensory organ found at the anterior end | - found at the base of the lips
amphids
53
- Principal chemosensory organ of nematodes
AMPHIDS
54
sensory organs found at the posterior end - Unicellular receptors in the lateral tail region - Are important for the classification of nematodes
Phasmids
55
Aphasmid nematodes
1. Class Adenophorea
56
Of the nematodes of medical and public health importance only 3 are
* Trichuris * Trichinella * Capillaria
57
Trichuris what class
1. Class Adenophorea
58
Trichinella what class
1. Class Adenophorea
59
Capillaria what class
1. Class Adenophorea
60
- phasmid nematodes
2. Class Secernentia
61
Nematodes may also be classified based of their habitat: what are the 2 habitats?
Intestinal | Extra-intestinal
62
Ascaris, Capillaria, Hookworm, Strongyloides (HABITAT??)
Intestinal | Small intestine
63
Angiostrongylus, Filarial worms, Trichinella (HABITAT??)
Extra-intestinal
64
Dorsolaterally Fattened Bilateral symmetry Hermaphroditic
Phylum Platyhelminthes
65
1. unsegmented
1. Class trematoda-
66
metameric/segmental
2. Class Cestoda-
67
( Flatworms/Flukes)
Class Trematoda
68
genital sucker (TERM)
gonotyl
69
flatworms do not have gonotyl except?
Heterophyids
70
All require 2 Intermediate hosts (1st intermediate host is always a snail)
Class Trematoda ( Flatworms/Flukes)
71
Generally the infective stage is the metacercariae (encysted larvae) that develops in the 2nd intermediate host and exception??
Class Trematoda ( Flatworms/Flukes exempted:Schistosomes (infective stage is cercariae)
72
Clonorchis Echinostoma CLASS??
Class Trematoda ( FLUKES)
73
Fasciola CLASS??
Class Trematoda ( FLUKES)
74
Faciolopsis CLASS??
Class Trematoda ( FLUKES)
75
Heterophyids CLASS??
Class Trematoda ( FLUKES)
76
Opisthorcis CLASS??
Class Trematoda ( FLUKES)
77
Paragonimus CLASS??
Class Trematoda ( FLUKES)
78
Schistosoma CLASS??
Class Trematoda ( FLUKES)
79
Class Cestoda
( Tapeworms)
80
Provided with an anterior structure called scolex, followed by the neck then the strobili
Class Cestoda ( Tapeworms)
81
There are only 2 orders under Class Cestoda that are of medical and public health importance:
- Order Pseudophyllidea | - Order Cyclophyllidea
82
globular scolex within 4 muscular sucker
Order Cyclophyllidea
83
bothria
Order Pseudophyllidea
84
with geintal pore and uterine pore
Order Pseudophyllidea
85
absent uterine pore
Order Cyclophyllidea
86
operculated eggs
Order Pseudophyllidea
87
eggs with hexacanth
Order Cyclophyllidea
88
non operculated eggs
Order Cyclophyllidea
89
ciliated oncosphere
coracidium Order Pseudophyllidea
90
sucking grooves (TERM)
BOTHRIA
91
Exoskeleton
Phylum Arthropoda
92
Segmented Bodies | Jointed appendages
Phylum Arthropoda
93
contain the majority of the arthropods with medical and public health importance (2)
Class Insecta and Arachnida
94
• Order Diptera
Class Insecta ( Mosquitoes and Flies)
95
• Order Siphonoptera (
Class Insecta ( Fleas)
96
• Order Hymenoptera
Class Insecta ( bees, wasps, and ants)
97
• Order Lepidoptera
Class Insecta ( moths and butterflies)
98
• Order Hemiptera
Class Insecta ( bed bugs, and kissing bugs)
99
• Order Anoplura
Class Insecta (Lice)
100
• Order Coloeptera
Class Insecta (Beetles)
101
• Order Copepoda
(Cyclops) Class Crustacea
102
• Order Decapoda
( crabs, lobsters, shrimps) Class Crustacea
103
(Scorpions)
(Scorpions) Class Arachnida
104
( Spiders)
• Order Aranaea Class Arachnida
105
• Order Acarina ( Class Arachnida
( Mites and Ticks)
106
Class Chilopoda Class Diplopoda Class Ptastomida what Phylum do they belong?
Phylum Arthropoda

Parasitology (2 decks)

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