Classification of Schizophrenia Flashcards
(19 cards)
What is meant by schizophrenia?
Means ‘Split mind’. Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder in which people have disturbances with: content of thought, perception, emotion, sense of self, social relationships.
What are positive symptoms?
Symptoms that add to an individual’s behaviour.
Examples of positive symptoms
Hallucinations - bizarre, unreal perceptions of the environment
Delusions - bizarre belief that seem real to the person
What are negative symptoms?
Take away from the individual’s personality
Examples of negative symptoms?
Speech Poverty - lessening of speech fluency and productivity including an inability to spontaneously produce words.
Avolition - reduced interests and desires as well as an inability to initiate or persist in goal-directed behaviour
What are the two tests used to diagnose schizophrenia?
DSM-IV
ICD-10
Which 4 symptoms does the DSM-IV state an individual has to meet in order to be considered schizophrenic?
Characteristic symptoms
Social / occupational dysfunction
Duration
No mood changes, if disorders in family exist such as autism symptoms must be present for at least one month
What is meant by characteristic symptoms?
Must exhibit two or more of the following and they must be present for at least one month:
Delusions
Hallucinations (MOST IMPORTANT!) Disorganised Speech (enough to hinder communication)
Grossly Disorganised Behaviour or Catatonic Behaviour
Negative Symptoms
What is meant by social / occupational dysfunction?
Impact on their performance in one of the following social areas: Work, Interpersonal Relationships or Self-care.
What is meant by duration?
The signs of Schizophrenia have to have been persistent for 6 months with symptoms within at least one month of the previous 6. This means that for someone to be diagnosed as healthy again, they must have 6 months without any symptoms
How does the ICD-10 diagnose depression?
At least one symptom from section (1) or at least 2 symptoms from section (2) present for at least one month
Which symptoms are in section 1 of the ICD-10?
Thought control
Delusions of control, influence and passivity
Hallucinatory voices
Other persistent delusions
What is meant by thought control?
Thought withdrawal: they believe their thoughts are extracted from their mind.
Thought insertion: belief that thoughts are being inserted into their mind.
Thought broadcast: belief that private thoughts have become accessible to other people.
What is meant by delusions of control, influence and passivity
A delusion is a distorted belief e.g. the schizophrenic may feel that they are not in control of their own thoughts, feelings and ability to make events happen.
What are hallucinatory voices?
These are voices that do not exist but feel real to the person hearing them
What symptoms are in section 2 of the ICD-10?
Persistent hallucinations
Incoherent speech
Catatonic behaviour
Negative symptoms
What are persistent hallucinations?
Hallucinations are distorted perceptions from the senses. They are perceptions which occur in the absence of stimuli.
What is meant by incoherent speech?
Speech is jumbled so it becomes meaningless, where they often use made up words.
What is catatonic behaviour?
Unusual body movements, posture and uncontrolled limb movements.
