Clauses and Sentences

Question 1

What are Clauses?

Answer 1

Phrases that have been integrated into longer units.

Question 2

What is a Matrix Clause (MC)?

Answer 2

A clause that is not subordinate to any other; it is co-extensive with the sentence.

Question 3

What is a Subordinate Clause (SubC)?

Answer 3

A clause that is part of a larger clause. There can be Subordinate Clauses in Subordinate Clauses.

Question 4

What is Clause Hierarchy?

Answer 4

A term for the relationship between clauses.

Question 5

What are Finite Clauses?

Answer 5

Clauses that carry Verb Phrases with tense.

Question 6

What are Nonfinite Clauses?

Answer 6

Clauses that carry Verb Phrases with no tense.

Question 7

What are Subordinate Clause types named after?

Answer 7

They are named after the form of the verb they contain.

Question 8

What are Relative Clauses?

Answer 8

Clauses which are generally introduced by a relative pronoun such as who, or which.

Question 9

What are Reduced Relative Clauses?

Answer 9

Relative Clauses with no relative pronouns and verbs that are nonfinite.

Question 10

What are Small Clauses?

Answer 10

Clauses without overt verbs.

Question 11

What is an example of a Temporal Clause?

Answer 11

David joined the army [after he graduated].

Question 12

What is an example of a Conditional Cause?

Answer 12

I’ll be there at nine [if I can catch the early train].

Question 13

What is an example of a Concessive Clause?

Answer 13

[While I don’t agree with her], I can understand her viewpoint.

Question 14

What is an example of a Reason Clause?

Answer 14

Paul was an hour late [because he missed the train].

Question 15

What is an example of a Result Clause?

Answer 15

The kitchen was flooded, [so we had to go to a restaurant].

Question 16

What is an example of a Comparative Clause?

Answer 16

She earns as much money [as I do].

Question 17

What is a Sentence?

Answer 17

A unit that expresses a complete thought; which usually starts with a capital letter and ends with a full stop. They commonly contain clauses.

Question 18

What is a Simple Sentence?

Answer 18

A sentence with only one clause.

Question 19

What is a Complex Sentence?

Answer 19

A sentence which contains at least one subordinate clause, and often has two or more clauses in total.

Question 20

What is a Compound Sentence?

Answer 20

A sentence with two clauses which are coordinated with each other.

Question 21

What is Discourse?

Answer 21

Written or spoken communications or debate.

Question 22

What are the four main sentence types?

Answer 22

Declarative, Interrogative, Imperative, and Exclamative.

Question 23

What are Declarative Sentences?

Answer 23

Sentences used to convey information or to make statements. They end with periods and are the most common type.

Question 24

What are Interrogative Sentences?

Answer 24

Sentences that are used in asking questions. They usually end in question marks.

Question 25

What are Imperative Sentences?

Answer 25

Sentences that are used in issuing orders or directives. Tag questions are sometimes added to the end of imperatives.

Question 26

What are Exclamative Sentences?

Answer 26

Sentences used to make exclamations. They usually end with exclamation points.

Question 27

What are Rhetorical Questions?

Answer 27

Questions with the form of an interrogative, but they are really statements.

Question 28

What is Intonation?

Answer 28

The rise and fall of the voice in speaking.

Question 29

What is the Grammatical Hierarchy?

Answer 29

A hierarchy of the parts of grammar that goes as such: sentences -> clauses -> phrases -> words.

Question 30

What exceptions are there in the hierarchy between Clauses and Phrases?

Answer 30

Clauses and phrases can both occur within each other.