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English language - paper 1 > CLD > Flashcards

CLD Flashcards

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1
Q

who created the nativist theory

A

noam Chomsky

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2
Q

what did Chomsky say we are born with

A

innate ability to learn language

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3
Q

what was the device we are born with - Noam Chomsky

A

LAD- language acquisition device

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4
Q

what do we have to do in order to develop our language - Noam Chomsky

A

learn vocabulary and apply structures to form sentences

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5
Q

why could children not learn language from imitation of adults - Noam Chomsky

A

adult language is highly irregular

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6
Q

does Noam Chomsky’s nativist theory apply to only English

A

no all languages

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7
Q

who created the behaviourist theory

A

B.F Skinner

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8
Q

what did B.F Skinner say about language

A

language can be observed and measured

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9
Q

what is language a response to - B.F Skinner

A

stimuli

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10
Q

what are children conditioned by - B.F Skinner

A

the environment

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11
Q

what do children receive when they develop language -B.F Skinner

A

positive reinforcements

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12
Q

what was Tomasello’s theory into

A

development in infants capacities

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13
Q

what do capacities lead to - Tomasello

A

children becoming full participants in the social use of language

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14
Q

is children language a physical adaptation - Tomasello’s

A

no

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15
Q

what is developed through interaction with speakers - Tomasello

A

cognitive skills

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16
Q

are we born with these cognitive abilities

A

yes

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17
Q

what do we have to help development

A

interpersonal abilities

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18
Q

who created the FIS phenomenon

A

berko and brown

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19
Q

when was berko and brown’s study

A

1960

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20
Q

what phoneme do berko and brown analyse

A

/sh/

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21
Q

who have the least phonetic rules - berko and brown

A

children

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22
Q

what did berko and brown say about phoneme’s

A

children can produce more phonemes than they can understand

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23
Q

when was Nelson’s study

A

1973

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24
Q

what were the most common word types in Nelson’s study

A

classes of objects
specific objects
actions
modifying things
social

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25
what did the words most common in Nelson's study do
describe something we can touch
26
when was Bruner's study
1983
27
what is needed in Bruner's study
interaction with caregivers
28
what is the abbreviation for caregivers supporting development in Bruner's study
LASS - language acquisition support system
29
what was noted between adults and children in Bruner's study
clear patterns of interaction
30
what did children asking questions do in Bruner's study
they show evidence of successful linguistic support
31
who had a study with scaffolding
Vygotsky
32
what is a more knowledgeable other - Vygotsky
someone with more linguistic experience and ability
33
what can more knowledgable other's do for children
help students learn content they wouldn't be able to on their own
34
when was Jean Chall's study
1983
35
what is stage 0 of Jean Chall's model called
pre- reading / pseudo reading
36
what is found in Jean Chall's psuedoreading stage (up to age 6)
pretending to read repeat stories already read to them can name letters and spell their name
37
what is stage 1 of Jean Chall's model called
initial reading and decoding
38
what is found in Jean Chall's initial reading stage stage (ages 6-7)
learn relationships between sounds can read short texts
39
what is stage 2 of Jean Chall's model called
confirmation and fluency
40
what is found in Jean Chall's confirmation and fluency stage (ages 7-8)
increase reading and vocabulary understand 9,000 spoken understand 3,000 written
41
what is stage 3 of Jean Chall's model called
reading for learning
42
what is found in Jean Chall's reading for learning stage (ages 9-14)
read to gain knowledge pursue interests magazines, newspapers etc
43
what is stage 4 of jean chall's model called
multiplicity and complexity
44
what is found in Jean Chall's multiplicity and complexity stage (ages 14-17)
complex and varied material understood
45
what is stage 5 of Jean Chall's model called
construction and reconstruction
46
what is found in Jean Chall's construction and reconstruction stage (ages 18+)
confident readers read a diverse range of materials understand practical and recreational benefits of reading
47
what is stage 1 of Kroll's model called
preparatory
48
what is found in Kroll's preparatory stage
mastery of basic motor skills learns basic principles of spelling system
49
what is stage 2 of Kroll's model called
consolidation stage
50
what is found in Kroll's consolidation stage (up to age 6)
write the same way as they speak short declaratives conjunctions incomplete sentences
51
what is stage 3 of Kroll's model called
differentiation
52
what is found in Kroll's differentiation stage (up to age 9)
recognises different writing styles lots of mistakes writing guides difference between speech and writing
53
what is stage 4 of Kroll's model called
integration
54
what is found in Kroll's integration stage (up to age 12+)
develop a personal style comprehends that you can change style to suit differing audiences
55
what is stage 1 of Gentry's model called
pre-communicative
56
what is found in Gentry's pre-communicative stage
random letters and syllables appear with no letter to sound connection
57
what is stage 2 of Gentry's model called
semi-phonetic
58
what is found in Gentry's semi-phonetic stage
letters used to represent whole words left to right some letter to sound connection
59
what is stage 3 of Gentry's model called
phonetic
60
what is found in Gentry's phonetic stage
spelling based on sound like 'preshus'
61
what is stage 4 of Gentry's model called
transitional stage
62
what is found in Gentry's transitional stage
combine phonetic approaches and visual approaches silent letters begin to be acknowledged
63
what is stage 5 of Gentry's model called
conventional stage
64
what is found in Gentry's conventional stage
difficult spellings begin to be learned homophones are known
65
name all 4 of Piaget's stages
sensory motor stage pre-operational stage concrete operational stage formal operational stage
66
what is found in the sensory motor stage of Piaget's model (birth to 2 years)
develop object permanence knowledge gained through sensory processes
67
what is found in the pre-operational stage of Piaget's model (2-7 years)
emergence of language become skilled at pretend play remain ego-centric struggle to consider other points of view
68
what is found in the concrete operational stage of Piaget's model (ages 7-12)
loss of ego-centricism logical thinking about concrete events understand thoughts are unique to them
69
what is found in the formal operational stage of Piaget's model (12+ years)
abstract thought emerges ability to plan and reason about hypothetical situations are seen
70
name Hallidays 7 functions of language
instrumental regulatory interactional personal heuristic imaginative representational
71
when was Hallidays study
1975
72
give an example of instrumental language
toilet
73
give an example of regulatory language
nt your teddy
74
give an example of interactional language
nice mummy
75
give an example of personal language
bad kitty
76
give an example of heuristic language
what's that
77
give an example of imaginative language
story telling
78
give an example of representational language
I'm free
79
what is over-extension
a child using a word in a more broad sense
80
what is under-extension
a child using a word more narrowly than an adult would
81
when is the holophrastic stage
ages 12 to 18 months
82
what is the holophrastic stage
producing single word utterances intonation is key
83
when is the two word stage
ages 18-24 months
84
what is the two word stage
using two words to form a sentence 'baby chair'
85
when is the telegraphic stage
ages 2-3
86
what is the telegraphic stage
start to use multiple word utterances likely to retain content words overgeneralisation
87
what is the pre-verbal stage
can't speak but are making noises
88
what is the lexical and grammatical stage
being able to use the noises to convey meaning
89
what is the onset of a word
the initial syllable
90
what is the rime of a word
what follows the onset
91
what are the 3 teaching methods for reading
analytical phonics synthetic phonics look and say approach

English language - paper 1 (1 decks)

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