CLD - writing Flashcards
what is goodman’s 1986 theory?
children’s writing follows 3 principles:
1. functional - writing serves a purpose
2. linguistic - writing develops into an organised system of letters and words
3. relational - children connect spoken language with written language
what is emergent writing and what are some key features of it?
children’s first attempts at writing.
features include: mechanical skills need to be developed, generally an awareness that letters and split up into words, scribbles resemble some letters
what is Kroll’s 1981 theory?
4 stages of writing development:
preparation, consolidation, differentiation and integration
what is Kroll’s ‘preperation’?
basic motor skills are acquired alongside some principles of spelling
what is Kroll’s ‘consolidation’?
writing is similar to spoken language and often includes a casual, colloquial register, unfinished sentences and overuse of the conjunction ‘and’ to join clauses together
what is Kroll’s ‘differentiation’?
awareness of writing as different to speech. understanding of writing for different audiences and purposes behind to develop and becomes more automatic.
what is Kroll’s ‘integration’?
children begin to develop their own voice. writing becomes more controlled and appropriate linguistic choices become more consistent.
what is Rothary’s theory?
Evaluating children’s writing:
1. observation/comment
2. recount
3. report
4. narrative
what is Rothary’s ‘observation/comment’?
the writer makes an observation and follows it up with an evaluative comment
e.g comment = i saw a tiger evaluation = it was big
what is Rothary’s ‘recount’?
a chronological sequence of events that is written subjectively, using a first person perspective.
what is Rothary’s ‘report’?
a factual description of events or things that is written objectively. it tends not to be chronological.
what is Rothary’s ‘narrative’?
a narrative contains an event that ends with a resolution. narratives often follow the pattern: orientation, complication, resolution, coda.
children don’t often achieve the whole structure early on as it is so complex
what is the creative model?
children are allowed to experiment creatively without strict correction. the child is less likely to be frightened of making mistakes because the focus is not on accuracy.
what is the rule based model?
when a child understands the convention of writing, such as spelling, punctuation or grammar rules, progress will be more rapid.
what is deconstruction?
teacher introduced type of writing and generic features. emphasis is on the teacher.
