Clean Air Act Flashcards
(46 cards)
- An Act providing for a comprehensive air pollution control policy and for other purposes.
- Contains 7 chapters and 56 sections
“Philippine Clean Air of 1999”.
Legislative process of the Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999. (Approved)
_______ - Manuel B. Villar, Congress
_______- Marcelo B. Fernan, Senate
________- President Joseph Ejercito Estrada
May 10, 1999
May 13, 1999
June 23, 1999
- The law adheres to the _______ of the people to “a balanced and healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature”
- To _________ that meets the National Air Quality Guidelines for Criteria Pollutants, throughout the Philippines, while minimizing the possible associated impacts on the economy
- Constitutional right
- achieve and maintain clean air
the state shall protect and advance the right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature recognizing the primary responsibility of local government units to deal with environmental problems
Principles
Recognizes the principle that “_______”
Recognizes that a clean and healthy environment is for the good of all and should therefore be concern of all
“polluters must pay”
the state shall pursue a policy of balancing development and environment protection. To achieve this end, the framework for sustainable development shall be pursued.
DECLARATION OF POLICIES
DECLARARTION OF POLICIES - It shall be the policy of the State to:
- _____ a holistic national program of air pollution management that shall be implemented by the government through proper delegation and effective coordination of functions of activities.
- _________cooperation and self-regulation among citizens and industries through the application of the market-based instruments.
- _____ public information and education to encourage the participation of an informed and active public in air quality planning and monitoring
- Formulate
- Encourage
- Promote
The right to breath clean air
The right to participate in the formulation, planning,
Implementation and monitoring of environmental policies and programs and in the decision-making process
The right to be informed of the nature and extent of the potential hazard of any activity, undertaking or projects or activities that may have adverse impact on the environment and public health
RECOGNITION OF RIGHTS
Identify the extent of pollution in the country per type of pollutant
Analysis and data evaluation, projections of air pollution
Identification of critical areas that needs closer monitoring
establishment and operation of appropriate devices, methods, systems and procedures , (best available
technology)
local government codes/ordinances, inter-agency collaborations and programs,
designation of Airshed programs (Attainment and Non- attainment Areas)
Creation of air quality framework/network/ control
action plan(Annual National Air Quality Status Report)
CLEAN AIR PROGRAMS (3)
(1) Motor Vehicle Emission Management Program
(2) Industrial Emission Management Program, Industrial enforcement program from stationary
sources; compliances, permits, emissions tests,
CEMS/COMS, provision of penalties
(3) Roadside ambient and general ambient air monitoring.
Refers to the Earth’s Atmosphere. _____ is a mixture of many gases and dust particles. It is the clear gas in which living things live and breathe.
Sustain life and growth.
Air
Refers to the contamination of the air, irrespective of indoors or outside.
It occurs when harmful or excessive quantities of substances including gases, particles, and biological molecules are introduced into Earth’s atmosphere.
Pollution
means any matter found in the
atmosphere other than oxygen, nitrogen, water vapor, carbon dioxide, and the inert gases in their natural or normal concentrations, that is detrimental to health or the environment.
Pollutants
type of air pollutants
- primary pollutants
- secondary pollutants
Emitted directly from a source e.g. six (6) criteria pollutants
Primary Pollutants
(NOx, CO, VOCs, SOx, PM, Pb)
Not directly emitted from a source, but forms when other pollutants (primary) react in the atmosphere e.g. ground level O3, H2SO4/HNO3 (components of acid rain), SMOG, Acid Depo (nutrient enrichment compounds)
Secondary Pollutants
Also called PM or soot consists of microscopically small solid particles or liquid droplets suspended in the air. The smaller particles, the deeper they can penetrate into the respiratory system and the more hazardous they are to breathe
Particulate matter
odorless and colorless has produced by incomplete burning of carbon-based fuels, including gasoline, oil, and wood. It can also build up in high concentrations in enclosed areas such as garages and along roadsides during heavy traffic
carbon monoxide
a gas that is a variety of oxygen. In the upper atmosphere is known as the ozone layer which shields the eath from the sun’s dangerous ultraviolet rays. However, at ground level it is considered a pollutant which highly tixic effects. Some of the major sources of ground-level ozone are vehicles and industries
Ozone (O3)
a naturally occurring element found in small amounts in the earth’s crust. While it has some beneficial uses, it can be toxic to humans and animals causing of health effects. Lead can be found in all parts of our environment – the air, the soil, the water, and even inside our homes. Lead and lead compounds have been used in a wide variety of products found in and around our homes, including paint, ceramics, pipes and plumbing materials, solders, gasoline, batteries, ammunition, and cosmetics.
LEAD (Pb)
one of a group of. highly reactive gasses known as “oxides of nitrogen,” or “nitrogen oxides (NOx). NO, forms quickly from emissions from cars, trucks and buses, power plants, and off-road equipment. In addition to contributing to the formation of ground- level ozone, and fine particle pollution
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
It is invisible and has a nasty, sharp smell. It reacts easily with other air substances to form harmful compounds, wh such as sulfuric acid, sulfurous acid and tic sulfate particles. The main source of sulfur Th dioxide in the air is industrial activity that pr processes materials that contain sulfur, ex. su Generation of electricity from coal, oil or as gas that contains sulphur.
SULFUR DIOXIDE
Natural Phenomenon
- Forest Fires (Haze) like Transboundary
Haze - Volcanic Eruption
- Dust Storms
MAN MADE ACTIVITIES
* ____– refers to sources of emission other than mobile and stationary. These include smoking, burning of garbage, and dust from construction, unpaved grounds, etc. (30%)
- ____– refers to vehicles like cars,
trucks, buses, jeepney, tricycle,
motorcycles, and vans. (62%) - ____– such as industrial firms, smokestacks of power plant and other establishment (2%)
Area
Mobile
Stationary
