Climate

Question 1

what is the difference between weather and climate?

Answer 1

weather is short term
climate is long term

Question 1

what is the atmospheric gas percentage?

Answer 1

78% Nitrogen, 21% Oxygen, 1% Other

Question 2

what is the biosphere?

Answer 2

the region of Earth where life can exsist

Question 3

Define the three components of the Earth

Answer 3

Lithosphere, Atmosphere, Hydrosphere

Question 4

how does temperatures affected when altitude increases?

Answer 4

as altitude increases, temperature decreases

Question 5

what’s the earth’s angle of inclination? how does it influence insolation?

Answer 5

90 degrees, however when the angle is high, the insolation is high, due to the angle the sun’s ray hits it at

Question 6

explain how we experience different seasons in the northern hemisphere

Answer 6

The earth’s spin axis is tilted with respect to its orbital plane

Question 7

explain how latitude effects insolation

Answer 7

The higher the latitude, the smaller the angle of incidence, thus the less solar insolation reaches the surface.

Question 8

what are the four major greenhouse gases?

Answer 8

carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and water vapor

Question 9

describe how thermal energy can be transferred in the atmosphere and hydrosphere

Answer 9

convection and conduction modes of heat transfer

Question 10

describe the coriolis effect

Answer 10

s the pattern of deflection taken by objects not firmly connected to the ground as they travel long distances around Earth

Question 11

differentiate the three methods of energy transfer: conduction, convection, radiation

Answer 11

• Conduction is the transfer of energy from one molecule to another by direct contact.
• Convection is the movement of heat by a fluid such as water or air.
• Radiation is the transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves.

Question 12

compare natural greenhouse effect to the enhanced greenhouse effect

Answer 12

natural effect = naturally traps greenhouse gases
enhanced effect = human activities leading to the greenhouse gases

Question 13

define albedo

Answer 13

high albedo = reflect light (white)
low albedo = absorb light (dark)

Question 14

describe the difference between land breeze and sea breeze

Answer 14

When the breeze flows from the land towards the sea, it is a land breeze. When the breeze flows from the sea towards the land, it is the sea breeze.

Question 15

specific heat capacity

Answer 15

the heat required to raise the temperature of the unit mass of a given substance by a given amount

Question 16

how to tell if a substance will heat up the slowest or the fastest

Answer 16

The substance that is most likely to heat up the fastest is one that has a low specific heat capacity.

Question 17

what is the difference between an open system and closed

Answer 17

open allows all energy and matter to be exchanged, while close only allows energy to be exchanged.

Question 18

explain the heating of curve of water

Answer 18

The heating curve for water shows how the temperature of a given quantity of water changes as heat is added at a constant rate.

Question 19

why does the temperature not change during phase change?

Answer 19

Since the energy involved in a phase changes is used to break bonds, there is no increase in the kinetic energies of the particles

Question 20

what are the names of the phase change?

Answer 20

Freezing: liquid to solid.
Melting: solid to liquid.
Condensation: gas to liquid.
Vaporization: liquid to gas.
Sublimation: solid to gas.
Deposition: gas to solid.

Question 21

which biomes are found in canada

Answer 21

tundra, desert, grassland, and forest

Question 22

what is a carbon sink?

Answer 22

A carbon sink is anything that absorbs more carbon from the atmosphere than it releases

Question 23

carbon source?

Answer 23

Examples of carbon sources include the burning of fossil fuels like gas, coal and oil, deforestation and volcanic eruptions

Question 24

what human activities have influenced climate change?

Answer 24

Burning fossil fuels, cutting down forests and farming livestock

Question 25

which greenhouse gas are we most concerned about?

Answer 25

carbon dioxide

Question 26

define sustainable development

Answer 26

sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.