climate

Question 1

Weather

Answer 1

Environmental conditions such as wind, pressure, temperature, amount of precipitation, specific time , specific place.

Question 2

Climate

Answer 2

• the characteristic pattern of weather conditions within a
  region, including average monthly temperatures, precipitation, wind
  velocity and other conditions averaged over a long period of time
  (years)

Question 3

Eccentricity

Answer 3

• the fluctuation of the Earth’s orbit around the sun
  due to the gravitational attraction to other planets. Over a cycle of 100,000 years the Earth’s orbit changes from being almost circular to
  more elliptical.

Question 4

Tectonics Plate

Answer 4

The lithosphere (Earth’s solid crust) is composed of massive sections of solid rock. These sections are known as tectonic plates.

Every year these plates move a few centimeters. This
causes changes to both land and water masses which in turn, affects air and water circulation. Changes in air and
water circulation affect weather patterns.

Question 5

Lithosphere

Answer 5

Solid crust of the earth

Question 6

Hydrosphere

Answer 6

• All of the water in its different forms on Earth are composed by the hydrosphere

Question 7

Atmospheric Layers

Answer 7

• Theatmosphere has been divided into 5
  sections:

the troposphere,
stratosphere
mesosphere,
thermosphere 
exosphere.

-Weather occurs mainly in the
troposphere and lower
stratosphere.

Question 8

Wobble

Answer 8

• because the Earth is not a perfect sphere it wobbles on its axis.

Question 9

Tilt

Answer 9

• The tilt of the Earth on its axis changes by approximately 2.4°over a period of 41,000 years.
• Greater the tilt, the greater the temperature differences between summer and winter.

Question 10

Albedo

Answer 10

• The fraction of incident light or electromagnetic radiation that is reflected by the surface of an object, such as from Earth back into space. It is the object’s ability to reflect light.

Question 11

Greenhouse effect

Answer 11

-Process by which gases build up thermal energy in the

atmosphere by absorbing infrared radiation from the Earth’s surface.

Question 12

Anthropogenic

Answer 12

Increase in global average temperature, as a result of an increase in greenhouse gases due to human activities.

Question 13

Conduction

Answer 13

• Transfer of thermal energy between two objects
  that are in direct physical contact. Thermal energy always moves from a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature.

Question 14

Convection

Answer 14

• Transfer of thermal energy by highly energized

molecules moving from one place to another. This movement can occur in liquids and gases but not solids.

Question 15

Heat reservoirs

Answer 15

• Water can store more heat than air. Water has a large specific heat capacity. Therefore water heats up slowly and releases heat slowly.
• Water acts as a buffer to temperature changes in the atmosphere.
• Land masses near large bodies of water are warmer in the winter than more inland areas.

Question 16

Radiation

Answer 16

• Transfer of energy, including thermal energy, as

electromagnetic radiation. This energy can travel through a vacuum. It can be absorbed, reflected, or refracted.