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Earth Science > Climate and Global System > Flashcards

Climate and Global System Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

is the outdoor condition of the
moment

A

weather

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2
Q

occurs close to the
surface of the earth. It is what we see
and experience when we go outside

A

weather

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3
Q

tell us the predicted
temperature and the possibility of rain

A

weather forecast

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4
Q

The average of weather conditions and
patterns over time is called

A

climate

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5
Q

is the long-term average of
daily changes in weather.

A

climate

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6
Q

is the generic term for all
forms of condensation falling back to
earth like rain, snow, hail, or mist.

A

precipitation

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7
Q

graphs showing the relationship of the temperature and precipitation

A

climatograms

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8
Q

Factors of weather

A

temperature and precipitation

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9
Q

the study of the
atmosphere.

A

meteorology

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10
Q

hot air rises, cold air sinks.

A

principle of convection

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11
Q

the amount of heat absorbed by the earth’s surface in a given amount of time.

A

insolation

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12
Q

more slanted the incident rays

A

lower insolation

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13
Q

gets the most sunlight, higher rainfall.

A

tropical zone

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14
Q

Gets the least amount of sunlight

A

polar zone

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15
Q

warmest regions

A

tropic

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16
Q

coldest region

A

polar

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17
Q

The origin of dry air mass is from the land

A

continental

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18
Q

moist air mass from water

A

maritime

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19
Q

dry & cold.

A

Continental Arctic

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20
Q

dry & cold summer, dry & mild winter.

A

continental polar

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21
Q

dry & cold summer, dry & mild winter.

A

continental tropical

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22
Q

-colder & higher moisture

A

maritime polar

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23
Q

-very hot & very humid.

A

maritime tropic

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24
Q

region between 23.50 N and 23.50
S

A

tropical region/low latitude

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25
have higher rainfall amounts due to the greater amounts of radiation and insolation they receive
tropical region/low latitude
26
from 23.50 N to 66.50 N and from 23.50 S to 66.50 S,
Temperate zones/mid latitude
27
formation of precipitation involves ice
temperate zones/mid latitude
28
extend from the North Pole to the Arctic Circle (66.50 N latitude) and from the South Pole to the Antarctic Circle
Polar region/ high latitude
29
White surfaces do not absorb radiation. Radiation reflects from white surfaces.
albedo effect
30
affects climate
distance from the equator (latitude) distance from the ocean (continentality) topography of the land (relief) altitude above sea level (elevation)
31
distance from the equator
latitude
32
distance form the ocean
contenantality
33
topography of the land
relief
34
usually green with vegetation.
windward side
35
warm air rises up on the mountain
windward side
36
air sinks on this side of the mountain
leeward side
37
This is the rain shadow region
leeward side
38
side gets no rain and is therefore, dry and bare
leeward side
39
altitude above sea level
elevation
40
an area within a fluid where warm material is rising in the center and cold material is sinking at the edges
convection cell
41
warm air rises=
low pressure area
42
cold descending air creates belts of=
high pressure
43
the low-latitude overturning circulations that have air rising at the equator and air sinking at roughly 30° latitude.
Hadley cell
44
Winds that move on the surface of the earth.
Coriolis Principle
45
the winds seem to come from the northeast
northeast trade winds
46
these winds seem to blow from the southeast.
southeast trade winds
47
60°-90°
high pressure belts (horse latitude)
48
0°-60°
low pressure belts
49
winds seem to blow from the west
westerlies
50
wind in these cells moves southward; they deflect to the left and they blow as if coming from the west
Ferrel cell
51
30 degrees to 60 degrees
ferrel cell
52
The low pressure zone at the equator.
Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)
53
Dry weather with sunshine.
High pressure
54
Clouds a precipitation.
low pressure
55
region of clear skies but with hot, humid, slowly rising air. There is little or no wind
doldrums
56
two pressure belts at 30°.
subtropical high
57
Air sinks and there is no wind.
subtropical high
58
It is defined as steady and persistent winds which blow on the Equatorial side of the subtropical high pressure systems in both Hemispheres.
tradewinds/easterlies
59
are prevailing winds from the west toward the east in the middle latitudes between 30 and 60 degrees .
westerlies/anti-trade winds
60
are dry, cold prevailing winds that blow from the east; are dry, cold prevailing winds that blow from the east
Polar easterlies
61
the global patterns of air movements: tradewinds, the westerlies, and the easterlies
prevailing winds
62
-are masses of air blowing from cold to warm region; blow from cold winter regions to hot summer regions.
monsoons
63
dry & cold air from siberia.
amihan
64
hot & moist air from the Indian ocean.
habagat
65
salinity: dense and heavy
cold water
66
salinity: light with lower density
warm water
67
The world's climates are classified according to the
Koppen Climate Classification System
68
hot, moist biome found near Earth's equator.
Tropical Rainforest
69
the driest biome with only about 50 cm of annual rainfall
DESERT
70
coldest of all the biomes
tundra
71
found in the temperate middle latitudes, go through changes throughout the year. Seasonal leaf loss, adapted to climate change.
Middle Latitude Deciduous Forest (MLDF)
72
Long, dark winter, high winds; the northernmost wooded zone on earth
Taiga
73
irregular warming of the ocean surface of the eastern side of the Pacific Ocean off South America
El Nino

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