Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

science 10 > climate change > Flashcards

climate change Flashcards

(95 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

weather

A

the conditions on any given day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

meteorologists usually provide the following information when they describe the weather

6

A
  • temperature
  • type and amount of precipitation
  • wind speed
  • relative humidity
  • atmospheric pressure
  • altitude
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

climate

A

the average of the weather in a region over a long period of time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

methods of collecting weather data

A

weather stations, weather balloons, aircraft and satellites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what define climate zones

3

A

temperature precipitation and plant communities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what define ecoregions

4

A

landforms, soil, plants, and animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is a bioclimate profile

A

a series of graphs that show the temperature and moisture conditions at a given location

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

factors affecting climate (5)

A

distance from the equator
altitude
large bodies of water
land formations
ocean or air currents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

climate system

A

the complex set of components that interact with each other to produce Earth’s climate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

ultraviolet radiation

A

a form of invisible high energy radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

infrared radiation

A

a form of invisible lower energy radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

when radiation contacts a particle of matter three things may happen

A
  1. absorption
  2. transmission
  3. reflection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

thermal energy

A

the energy present in the motion of particles at a particular temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

energy absorbed by earth and the atmosphere

=

A

equals energy radiated back again by earth and the atmosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

why is it hotter near the equator (2)

A

less atmosphere to go through and a more direct hit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

climate system is composed of

4

A

atmosphere hydrosphere lithosphere living things

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

atmosphere

A

the layers of gases surrounding Earth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

two main components of our atmosphere air

A

nitrogen and oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

example of halocarbon

A

chlorofluorocarbons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

halocarbon

A

molecules made up of carbon atoms linked to fluorine chlorine bromine or iodine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

list the spheres in order (atmosphere)

A

troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is ozone depletion caused by

A

cfcs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

ozone is (good in this bad in this)

A

good in the stratosphere and bad in the troposphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

smog

A

toxic chemicals mixed with particles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
the hydrosphere includes
liquid water, vapour and ice
26
hydrosphere
the part of the climate system that includes all water on and around Earth
27
name all the "tions" in the water cycle
evaporation, condensation, precipitation, transpiration
28
what does water do that affects heat
store thermal energy
29
about _ of Earths water is frozen
2%
30
ice sheets
enormous areas of permanent ice stretching over land in the Antarctic and Greenland
31
Permafrost
ground that remains frozen all year round
32
lithosphere
Earth's crust
33
the lithosphere does what
absorbs high energy radiation and converts it to infrared lower radiation
34
land formations affect climate zones with
mountains
35
altitude (sum)
at high altitude, pressure is lower so its cooler
36
two ways carbon is part of living things
cellular respiration and photosynthesis
37
greenhouse effect
a natural process whereby gases and clouds absorb infrared radiation emitted from Earth's surface and radiate it heating the atmosphere and Earth's surface
38
greenhouse gases
any gas in the atmosphere that absorbs lower energy infrared radiation
39
carbon sink ex
forest
40
carbon sink
a reservoir that absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and stores the carbon in another form
41
feedback loop
a process in which the result acts to influence the original process
42
name the most prominent greenhouse gases (5)
carbon dioxide, water vapour, methance, ozone, nitrous oxide
43
how are water vapour and temperature related
water evaporates more readily when heated, and when it evaporates it holds heat with it
44
water vapour and temperature are a __ loop
positive feedback
45
negative feedback loop
the effect decreases the original cause
46
why is methane a problem theres so little of it
a molecule of methane can absorb way more thermal energy than a molecule of carbon dioxide
47
how do we naturally get methane
decomposition and animal digestion
48
how much ozone is there? is it a problem?
even though we dont know the exact amounts of ozone, we know its contributing
49
why is nitrous oxide a concern theres so little of it
it is 300 times more effective as a greenhouse gas than co2
50
nitrous oxide is produced naturally by
reactions of bacteria in soil
51
how do greenhouse gases trap radiation
many of the atoms in them move in a way to catch the gases and redistribute them
52
heat sink
a reservoir that absorbs and stores thermal energy
53
why do large bodies of water (oceans) affect the climate | (air above them)
when the air is warmer than the ocean, the ocean absorbs energy from the air and vice versa
54
convection current
a circular current in air and other fluids caused by the rising of warm fluid as cold fluid sinks
55
a convection current is a
positive feedback loop
56
describe the convection loop
warm air cools and sinks to cold air which displaces the warm air which makes it rise and then cool
57
where do convection currents go
near the poles
58
why are convection currents important
they move thermal energy around the atmosphere
59
since earth has permanent bands of pressures,
we have prevailing winds
60
prevailing winds do what
move warm air from the equator to the poles and push warm ocean water to the poles
61
thermohaline circulation
the continuous flow of water around the world's oceans driven by differences in water temperatures and salinity
62
what stops water from just freezing when it gets high enough
theres too much salt to fully freeze so the water just sinks leaving space for more water to flow
63
where do unknown types of rock in weird places come from?
glaciers from the ice age
64
ice age
a time in Earth's history when Earth was colder and much of the planet was covered in ice
65
plate tectonics
the theory explaining the slow movement of the large plates of Earth's crust
66
continental drift
the theory that Earth's continents used to be one supercontinent called Pangea
67
how does continental drift affect the climate
continents moving makes ocean and wind patterns change, as well as decreasing the amount of water in some places versus others.
68
interglacial period
a time between ice ages when Earth warms up
69
why do ice ages keep happening/happen
the Earth's tilt
70
short term changes in climate can be caused by
volcanic eruptions, small changes in the sun, and currents
71
list 3 reasons why the ocean is important to earth's climate system
1. ocean currents move thermal energy around 2. the ocean acts as a heat sink, storing thermal energy 3. oceans can decide the temperature of the land around them
72
small changes in the climate can be enhanced by
feedback loops
73
name the water vapour feedback loop in lower altitudes
warmer temperatures - more (low) clouds - even warmer temperatures
74
name the water vapour feedback loop in higher altitudes
warmer temperatures - more (high) clouds - cooler temperatures
75
both of the feedback loops for water vapour are
positive
76
albedo
a measure of how much of the Sun's radiation is reflected by a surface
77
name the albedo effect (warming)
ice melts - less radiation reflected away - temp inc
78
name the albedo effect (cooling)
more ice forms - lots of radiation reflected away - dec in temp
79
proxy record
stores of information in tree rings ice cores and fossils that can be measured to give clues to what the climate was like in the past
80
name 4 proxy records
tree rings ice cores and coral and rock
81
name the parts of evidence of a changing climate | 7
rising sea level rising temperatures melting ice severe weather precipitation seasons ecosystems
82
name anthropogenic greenhouse gases (4)
carbon dioxide methane nitrous oxide cfcs
83
how do we make co2
fossil fuels
84
how do we make methane
farming
85
how do we make nitrous oxide
livestock waste
86
how do we make cfcs
refrigeration agents
87
carbon dioxide and temperature feedback loop
global tempaerature inc - more carbon dioxide releases from sinks - more thermal energy trapped by carbon dioxide
88
name 3 sources of greenhouse gas emissions from canada
transportation, agriculture, forestry
89
main component of natural gas is
methane
90
the 4 main things the climate system is BUILT ON
carbon and water cycles greenhouse gases albedo ocean currents
91
climate projection
a scientific forecast of future climate based on observations and computer models
92
6 common types of clean energy
wind geothermal solar hydro biofuels nuclear
93
kyoto protocol
a plan within the UN for controlling greenhouse gas emissions
94
why is loss of biodiversity a big deal
changes in one population will affect the whole food web, killing a whole system
95
4 expected changes from climate change
rising sea level impacts on agriculture impacts on ecosystems impacts on human plant and animal health

science 10 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions