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AS 6GE01 - Global Networks (12B) > Climate Change > Flashcards

Climate Change Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

L1 | In a 24 hour clock, when did humans come to exist?

A

11:58

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2
Q

L1 | What shape has the graph on our global temperature followed in recent years?

A

Hockey Stick

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3
Q

L1 | Define paleoclimate

A

The prevalent climate in a given period of time

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4
Q

L1 | State 3 methods measuring temperature changes over time

A

Tree rings, Ice cores, Retreating glaciers, Pollen analysis, Scientific research

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5
Q

L1 | Why was it harder to study about the Earth further back in time?

A

Because the lack of technology meant we had to use long term techniques which weren’t as useful

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6
Q

L2 | Define anthropogenic

A

Caused by human activity

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7
Q

L2 | What are some changes that occur with changes in temperature?

A

Rising sea levels, Change in rainfall patterns, Change in windfall, Changes in extreme patterns

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8
Q

L2 | What happens during the Milankovitch cycle?

A

The Earth’s orbit becomes more elliptical, meaning the amount of heat reaching the Earth changes

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9
Q

L2 | What is the Albedo Effect?

A

When sunlight reflects of surfaces, resulting in heating

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10
Q

L2 | How often does the Milankovitch cycle occur?

A

Every 100,000 years

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11
Q

L3 | Name the main anthropogenic cause of global warming

A

Greenhouse gases

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12
Q

L3 | Why is drought bad in Africa?

A

Because it leads to crop failure, a major part of their income

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13
Q

L3 | Name 2 of the 6 situations that make Africa vulnerable to climate change

A

Water resources, Food security, Natural resources, Diseases, Sea-level rise, Desertification

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14
Q

L3 | What percent of Africa’s GDP would have to be spent on adaptions?

A

5-10%

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15
Q

L3 | Where in Africa is coral bleaching a problem?

A

Zanzibar

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16
Q

L4 | Why can’t Africa have sea defences?

A

They can’t afford them

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17
Q

L4 | How do Arctic plants keep the area cold?

A

They intake CO2 much faster than coils release them

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18
Q

L4 | Without the GH effect, how much cooler would the Earth be?

A

33 degrees

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19
Q

L4 | What type of forest occurs in these cold regions?

A

Boreal

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20
Q

L4 | Why is melting permafrost bad?

A

Leads to collapsing buildings, roads and others

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21
Q

L5 | Since 1970, how much has CO2 levels increased by?

A

80%

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22
Q

L5 | What is meant by unprecedented change?

A

Never seen before

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23
Q

L5 | What 2 things slow CO2 release in the air

A

Forests and Trees

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24
Q

L6 | What is Eustatic change?

A

Change in sea levels due to change in amounts of water

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25
L6 | What makes a floodplain very fertile?
Rich alluvium
26
L6 | Names ways the sea levels could rise?
Expanding water, melting ice
27
L6 | What are impacts of sea level rise?
Loss of farmland, increased risks of natural hazard, displacement of people
28
L6 | How to dams reduce sea levels?
Prevent as much water reaching the ocean from rivers
29
L7 | What is a carbon sink?
Something that absorbs carbon dioxide
30
L7 | How do carbon credits work?
They give a certain amount to each countries as to how much CO2 they can release
31
L7 | What percentage of carbon released is from deforestation?
18%
32
L8 | Define tipping point.
The point of evolution in something where it reaches a new, irreversible state
33
L8 | How could a warmer world affect the Amazon Rainforest
Less rainfall affects it's whole ecosystem (vegetation and animals)
34
L8 | What is the predicted increase in climate by 2050?
2 degrees
35
L8 | Why can't boreal forests survive in the increasing temperature
They are specialised in colder regions such as Canada and Siberia
36
L8 | When do scientists predict the tipping point of Greenland Ice?
50 years or so
37
L9 | Define mitigation
Completely preventing the issue from occurring
38
L9 | Define adaptation
Measures taken in order to reduce the effects of an issue that is already taking place
39
L9 | Give examples of mitigation stratergies
Reduced air transport, Energy conservation
40
L9 | Give examples of adaptation stratergies
Sewer upgrade, control of evasive species
41
L9 | What is carbon sequestration?
The process of storing carbon for long times, to mitigate global warming
42
L10 | Where and when was the Protocal drawn up?
Kyoto (Japan), 1997
43
L10 | What percent of the carbon emitting countries needed to accept the agreement for it to take place?
55%
44
L10 | Which 2 big polluting countries haven't signed the pact?
Australia and USA
45
L10 | How much did leaders decide they wanted to reduce greenhouse gases by by 2050?
50%
46
L10 | What is the UK strategy to reduce emissions?
Car tax or VED (Vehicle Excise Duty) with different tax bands per car
47
L11 | What is Agenda 21?
A program run by the UN in order to achieve sustainability locally, nationally and globally.
48
L11 | How does Carbon Trading work?
The EU assign permits for polluting. Larger TNCs buy permits from ones who don't need it.
49
L11 | What will the Drain London Forum do?
Show areas at rick from flooding
50
L11 | By 2012, how much did the EU need to reduce emissions by?
8%
51
L11 | Why aren't USA joining the protocol?
They are very big polluters and they would not be able to control their pollution
52
L12 | What does CCS stand for?
Carbon Capture Storage
53
L12 | Give methods of efficient transport
Car sharing, Less polluting cars
54
L12 | Why are solar panel unattractive to people?
They are very expensive to fit and they have a long payback time
55
L12 | What is an issue with Tree storage?
Battles on the use of the land there
56
L12 | What is the biggest flaw with nuclear power?
Nuclear waste leakage
57
L13 | State the cycle of climate change
Higher temperatures -> Increased evaporation -> Worsening greenhouse effect -> More uncertainty -> More impacts
58
L13 | Why can't farmers get jobs once farms end
They don't have any other skills and are illiterate
59
L13 | Name a few factors of poverty
Hazards, Bad housing, Population growth, Famine, Illiteracy, Debt
60
L13 | How has climate change affected water supplies?
Increased evaporation, Less available water
61
L13 | Why don't a lot of children go into education
Can't afford it, They live in too rural an area

AS 6GE01 - Global Networks (12B) (21 decks)

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