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CASA CPL Aerody > Climbing & Descending > Flashcards

Climbing & Descending Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four forces acting on an aircraft?

A

Lift, weight, thrust and drag

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2
Q

What is equilibrium?

A

When all the forces are in balance and there is no acceleration.

I.e. L=W and T=D

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3
Q

What are the forces in a steady climb?

A

T>D and L

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4
Q

What balances out the horizontal weight component in a climb?

A

Excess thrust

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5
Q

What are the three types of climb?

A

BAoC
BRoC
Cruise Climb

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6
Q

Why use BAoC?

A

Max vertical distance for min horizontal distance

Used for obstacle clearance

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7
Q

How is BAoC achieved?

A

Speed for max excess thrust

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8
Q

Why use BRoC?

A

Max vertical distance for the min amount of time

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9
Q

How is BRoC achieved?

A

Speed for max excess power

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10
Q

Why is a cruise climb used?

A

Better forward visibility and better engine cooling

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11
Q

What happens if you fly faster or slower than BAoC speed?

A

Decreases excess thrust, reducing the angle of climb

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12
Q

What happens if you fly faster or slower than BRoC speed?

A

Decrease excess power available, decreasing rate of climb

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13
Q

Does wind impact rate of climb?

A

No

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14
Q

What impact does a headwind have on angle of climb?

A

Increases angle of climb

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15
Q

What impact does a tailwind have on angle of climb?

A

Decreases angle of climb

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16
Q

What impact does an increase in weight have on angle of climb?

A

Reduces angle of climb

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17
Q

What impact does an increase in weight have on rate of climb?

A

Reduces rate of climb

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18
Q

What impact does a higher or lower airspeed than prescribed have on angle of climb?

A

Reduces angle of climb

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19
Q

What impact does a higher or lower airspeed than prescribed have on rate of climb?

A

Reduces rate of climb

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20
Q

What impact does reducing power have on angle of climb?

A

Reduces angle of climb

21
Q

What impact does reducing power have on rate of climb?

A

Reduces rate of climb

22
Q

What do flaps do?

A

Increase lift and drag, typically more drag than lift

23
Q

How do flaps impact angle of climb?

A

Reduces angle of climb

24
Q

How do flaps impact rate of climb?

A

Reduces rate of climb

25
Q

How does an increase in altitude impact angle of climb?

A

Reduces angle of climb

26
Q

How does an increase in altitude impact rate of climb?

A

Reduces rate of climb

27
Q

What is the angle of descent?

A

Angle between the flight path and horizon

28
Q

What happens in a steady glide descent?

A

No thrust force to oppose drag. Need to reduce AoA to provide a horizontal weight component that opposes drag

29
Q

How does a headwind impact the angle of descent?

A

Increases angle of descent

30
Q

How does a headwind impact the rate of descent?

A

No impact

31
Q

How does a tailwind impact the angle of descent?

A

Decreases angle of descent

32
Q

How does a tailwind impact the rate of descent?

A

No impact

33
Q

How does an increase in weight impact the angle of descent?

A

No impact

34
Q

How does an increase in weight impact the rate of descent?

A

Increases rate of descent

35
Q

What impact does a higher or lower airspeed than prescribed have on angle of descent?

A

Increases angle of climb

36
Q

What impact does a higher or lower airspeed than prescribed have on rate of descent?

A

Increases rate of descent

37
Q

How does an increase in power impact angle of descent?

A

Decreases angle of descent

38
Q

How does an increase in power impact the rate of descent?

A

Decreases rate of descent

39
Q

What impact does lowering flap have on angle of descent?

A

Increases the angle of descent

40
Q

What impace does lowering flap have on rate of descent?

A

Increases rate of descent

41
Q

What is windshear?

A

A sudden change in wind speed and/or direction

42
Q

What does a sudden increase in headwind do?

A

Sudden increase in IAS and lift

43
Q

What does a sudden decrease in headwind do?

A

Sudden decrease in IAS and lift (sink)

44
Q

What does a sudden decrease in tailwind do?

A

Sudden increase in IAS and lift

45
Q

What is ground effect?

A

Wingtip vortices can not fully develop near the ground and so induced drag is reduced

46
Q

When is ground effect noticeable?

A

Within one wingspan of the ground

47
Q

When is ground effect most significant?

A

During take-off and landing, but most significant at take-off

48
Q

What happens to climb performance as the aircraft leaves ground effect?

A

Climb performance decreases

CASA CPL Aerody (9 decks)

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