Clin App - Terminology - Exam 1 Flashcards
(126 cards)
1
Q
Pathognomonic
A
specifically distinctive or characteristic of a disease or pathologic condition
2
Q
Contraindication
A
A factor that renders the administration of a drug or the carrying out of a medical procedure inadvisable.
3
Q
Lassitude
A
weakness; exhaustion
4
Q
Plethoric
A
Redness usualy in the cheeks
5
Q
Category X
A
Drug that carries high risk of fetal abnormalities that clearly outweighs the benefits
6
Q
Anorexia
A
lack or loss of appetite for food
7
Q
Flatus
A
gas or air in the gastrointestinal tract
8
Q
Lymphadenopathy
A
A chronic, abnormal enlargement of the lymph nodes, usually associated with disease
9
Q
Tinnitus
A
Tinnitus is hearing ringing, buzzing, or other sounds without an external cause
10
Q
Nevi
A
The medical term for any anomaly of the skin that is present at birth, including moles and birthmarks
11
Q
Febrile
A
Of, relating to, or characterized by fever; feverish
12
Q
Obtundation
A
A condition in which the senses have been dulled by trauma, mistreatment, or psychological stress
13
Q
Hematemesis
A
the vomiting of blood.
14
Q
Hematuria
A
The presence of blood in the urine
15
Q
Lethargy
A
A state of sluggishness, inactivity, and apathy
16
Q
Vertigo
A
A sensation of irregular or whirling motion, either of oneself or of external objects, often caused by inner ear disease
17
Q
Diplopia
A
The medical term for seeing double
18
Q
Epistaxis
A
A nosebleed
19
Q
Anosmia
A
The term anosmia means lack of the sense of smell. It may also refer to a decreased sense of smell
20
Q
Melena
A
The passage of black tarlike stools containing blood that has been acted on by the intestinal juices
21
Q
Pallor
A
Paleness, as of the skin.
22
Q
Dysphagia
A
difficulty in swallowing
23
Q
Odynophagia
A
a dysphagia in which swallowing causes pain
24
Q
Glossodynia
A
A burning or painful sensation in the tongue. Also called glossalgia
25
Galactorrhea
Galactorrhea is the secretion of breast milk in men, or in women who are not breastfeeding an infant
26
Dyspnea
Difficulty in breathing, often associated with lung or heart disease and resulting in shortness of breath.
27
Hematochezia
The passage of bloody stools
28
Urticaria
A skin condition characterized by welts that itch intensely, caused by an allergic reaction, an infection, or a nervous condition. Also called hives, nettle rash
29
Dysarthria
Difficulty in articulating words due to emotional stress or to paralysis, incoordination, or spasticity of the muscles used in speaking.
30
Orthopnea
Discomfort in breathing that is relieved by sitting or standing in an erect position.
31
Hemoptysis
Hemoptysis is the coughing up of blood or bloody sputum from the lungs or airway
32
Edema
Edema is a condition of abnormally large fluid volume in the circulatory system or in tissues between the body's cells (interstitial spaces)
33
Claudication
A halt or lameness in a person's walk; a limp
34
Jaundice
Jaundice is a condition in which a person's skin and the whites of the eyes are discolored yellow due to an increased level of bile pigments in the blood resulting from liver disease.
35
Alopecia
hair loss (baldness)
36
Polyuria
Excessive passage of urine
37
Nocturia
excessive urination at night
38
Dysuria
Painful or difficult urination
39
Dyspareunia
is painful sexual intercourse
40
Dysmenorrhea
Painful menstruation
41
Amenorrhea
Abnormal suppression or absence of menstruation
42
Menometrorrhagia
excessive and prolonged uterine bleeding occurring at irregular, frequent intervals
43
Hematospermia
the presence of blood in semen
44
Paresthesia
A skin sensation, such as burning, prickling, itching, or tingling, with no apparent physical cause
45
Hypoesthesia
Partial loss of sensation; diminished sensibility
46
Anesthesia
Total or partial loss of sensation, especially tactile sensibility, induced by disease, injury, acupuncture, or an anesthetic, such as chloroform or nitrous oxide.
47
Akathisia
is a syndrome characterized by unpleasant sensations of "inner" restlessness that manifests itself with an inability to sit still or remain motionless
48
Anhedonia
is an inability to experience pleasurable emotions from normally pleasurable life events such as eating, exercise, social interaction or sexual activities
49
Polydipsia
excessive thirst
50
Cyanosis
blue coloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to the presence of greater than, or equal to, 2.5 g/dL of deoxygenated hemoglobin in blood vessels near the skin surface
51
Ataxia
failure of muscular coordination
52
Fasciculation
a small local involuntary muscular contraction visible under the skin, representing spontaneous discharge of fibers innervated by a single motor nerve filament
53
Deglutition
swallowing
54
Proctalgia
pain in the rectum
55
Paroxysmal
a sudden recurrence or intensification of symptoms
56
Globus sensation
the persistent sensation of having phlegm or some sort of obstruction in the throat when there is none. Swallowing can be performed
57
Appy
appendectomy
58
Chole
cholescystectomy
59
TURP
transurethral resection of the prostate
60
CAGE
Cut down (asked by others) Annoyed by criticism (from others) Guilty (feel guilty when you drink) Eye opener (drink one to wake up)
61
PCI
percutaneous coronary intervention
62
Malaise
feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness, of being "out of sorts"
63
pack-years
years of smoking multiplied by average number of packs, or fraction thereof, per day
64
nuchal rigidity
Stiffness in the nape of the neck, often accompanied by pain and spasm on attempts to move the head; the most common sign of meningitis.
65
strabismus
a disorder in which the two eyes do not line up in the same direction, and therefore do not look at the same object at the same time
66
ptosis
is a drooping or falling of the upper or lower eyelid
67
anhidrosis
means a deficiency or absence of perspiration
68
goiter
a swelling of the thyroid gland
69
entropion
a medical condition in which the eyelid (usually the lower lid) folds inward. It is very uncomfortable, as the eyelashes constantly rub against the cornea and irritate it
70
ectropion
a medical condition in which the lower eyelid turns outwards. It is one of the notable aspects of newborns exhibiting congenital Harlequin-type ichthyosis
71
bruit
the term for the unusual sound that blood makes when it rushes past an obstruction (called turbulent flow) in an artery when the sound is auscultated with the bell portion of a stethoscope
72
stridor
a high-pitched wheezing sound resulting from turbulent air flow in the upper airway
73
icterus
Synonymous with jaundice - the yellowish staining of the skin and sclerae (the whites of the eyes) that is caused by high levels in blood of a chemical bilirubin
74
cryptorchidism
failure of one or both testes to descend into the scrotum
75
hypospadias
an abnormality of anterior urethral and penile development in which the urethral opening is ectopically located on the ventrum of the penis proximal to the tip of the glans penis, which, in this condition, is splayed open
76
priapism
a potentially painful medical condition, in which the erect penis does not return to its flaccid state, despite the absence of both physical and psychological stimulation, within four hours
77
varicocele
an abnormal enlargement of the pampiniform venous plexus in the scrotum. This plexus of veins drains the testicles
78
spermatocele
a benign cystic accumulation of sperm that arises from the head of the epididymis
79
cardiomyopathy
diseases of the heart muscle. the heart muscle becomes enlarged, thick, or rigid. In rare cases, the muscle tissue in the heart is replaced with scar tissue.
80
consolidation
The process of becoming a firm solid mass, as in an infected lung when the alveoli are filled with exudate
81
parenchymal
The tissue characteristic of an organ, as distinguished from associated connective or supporting tissues
82
meningismus
a state of meningeal irritation with symptoms suggesting meningitis that often occurs at the onset of acute febrile diseases especially in children
83
Petechiae
Tiny purple or red spots on the skin associated with endocarditis, resulting from hemorrhages under the skin's surface.
84
Purpura
a small hemorrhage in the skin, mucous membrane, or serosal surface.
85
Wheal
a localized area of edema on the body surface, often attended with severe itching and usually evanescent; it is the typical lesion of urticaria
86
Macule
a discolored spot on the skin that is not raised above the surface
87
Patch
a small area differing from the rest of a surface
88
Nodule
a small node or boss which is solid and can be detected by touch
89
Plaque
An elevated, solid, superficial lesion
90
Tumor
neoplasm; a new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is uncontrolled and progressive
91
Vesicle
a small circumscribed elevation of the epidermis containing a serous fluid; a small blister
92
Bullae
a blister; a circumscribed, fluid-containing, elevated lesion of the skin, usually more than 5 mm in diameter
93
Pustule
a small, elevated, circumscribed, pus-containing lesion of the skin
94
Folliculitis
Folliculitis is inflammation or infection of one or more hair follicles
95
Echymosis
a small hemorrhagic spot in the skin or a mucous membrane, larger than a petechia, forming a nonelevated, rounded, or irregular blue or purplish patch
96
Hematoma
a localized collection of extravasated blood, usually clotted, in an organ, space, or tissue
97
Nevus
any congenital skin lesion; a birthmark
98
Linear
Of, relating to, or resembling a line; straight
99
Serpiginous
creeping; having a wavy or much indented border
100
Violaceous
having a violet color, usually describing a discoloration of the skin
101
Sessile
attached by a broad base, as opposed to being pedunculated or stalked
102
Pedunculated
pertaining to a structure with a stalk or peduncle
103
Target
Target like lesion
104
Annular
Ring shaped
105
Flat affect
condition in which a person does not display emotions to the degree that other members of his or her culture would normally exhibit
106
Echolalia
phenomenon exhibited by those afflicted with autism, Tourette's syndrome and other forms of developmental disabilities or psychopathological conditions that causes them to repeat the last words or syllables they hear
107
Echopraxia
When a person compulsively repeats the actions of someone else
108
Micrographia
refers to handwriting that becomes progressively smaller and harder to read. It is considered a medical condition that arises because of damage to the basal ganglia in the brain, the area that controls fine motor movements
109
Loose associations
when one thought isnt connected to the next
110
Tangential communication
disorder in which the train of thought of the speaker wanders and shows a lack of focus
111
Flight of ideas
a nearly continuous flow of rapid speech that jumps from topic to topic, usually based on discernible associations, distractions, or plays on words, but sometimes disorganized and incoherent
112
Somatization
the conversion of mental experiences or states into bodily symptoms
113
Conversion reaction
a somatoform disorder characterized by conversion symptoms (loss or alteration of voluntary motor or sensory functioning suggesting physical illness) with no physiological basis and not produced intentionally or feigned
114
Malingering
the act of intentionally feigning or exaggerating physical or psychological symptoms for personal gain
115
Dysthymia
A mood disorder characterized by despondency or mild depression
116
Anhedonia
inability to experience pleasure in normally pleasurable acts
117
Psychomotor
pertaining to motor effects of cerebral or psychic activity
118
Catatonia
Catatonia is a condition marked by changes in muscle tone or activity associated with a large number of serious mental and physical illnesses. In catatonic stupor the individual experiences a deficit of motor (movement) activity that can render him/her motionless. Catatonic excitement, or excessive movement, is associated with violent behavior directed toward oneself or others.
119
Cyclothymic
characterized by numerous alternating short cycles of hypomanic and depressive periods with symptoms like those of manic and major depressive episodes but of lesser severity
120
Depersonalization
alteration in the perception of self so that the usual sense of one's own reality is temporarily lost or changed; it may be a manifestation of a neurosis or another mental disorder or can occur in mild form in normal persons.
121
Disassociation
segregation of a group of mental processes from the rest of a person's usually integrated functions of consciousness, memory, perception, and sensory and motor behavior.
122
Amnesia
Amnesia refers to the loss of memory
123
Fugue
a pathological state of altered consciousness in which an individual may act and wander around as though conscious but their behavior is not directed by their complete normal personality and is not remembered after the fugue ends
124
Munchausen's
Munchausen syndrome is a psychiatric disorder that causes an individual to self-inflict injury or illness or to fabricate symptoms of physical or mental illness, in order to receive medical care or hospitalization.
125
Paraphilia
a psychosexual disorder marked by sexual urges, fantasies, and behavior involving objects, suffering or humiliation, or children or other nonconsenting partners
126
Affect
refers to the experience of feeling or emotion
