Clin- Trauma + Stress related disorders Flashcards
(25 cards)
What are the main features of PTSD?
- person is exposed to a traumatic event in which both were present: person experienced/witnessed actual or threatened death/injury/integrity of self or others
- person RE-EXPERIENCES traumatic event
- persistent AVOIDANCE of stimuli associated with trauma
- persistent symptoms of INCREASED AROUSAL (difficulty sleeeping, irritability, difficulty concentrating, hypervigilance)
What are some negative cognitions seen in PTSD?
persistent and distorted sense of blame of self or others
estrangement from others
markedly diminished interest in activities
inability to remember key aspects of event
PTSD duration:
duration of disturbance + symptoms > 1 month
clinically significant distress + impairs function
How would you treat PTSD?
SSRIs
Cognitive Processing therapy (support groups + eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR))
avoid addictive Rx such as benzos bc increased risk of substance abuse
What is the prevalence rate of PTSD?
3rd most prevalent psychiatric diagnosis among veterans using VA hospitals
Out of half of veterans that seek treatment how many get “minimally adequate” treatment?
only half
How many of the Iraq and Afghanistan veterans with PTSD seek treatment?
50%
What’s the difference between PTSD and acute stress disorder?
duration is different!
Acute stress disorder: 3 days - 1 month
(PTSD is >1 mo)
What is an adjustment disorder?
development of emotional/behavioral symptoms in response to identifiable stressor;
within 3 months of stressor
What do adjustment disorders result in:
- significant distress out of proportion to severity of stressor
- impairment in functioning
-not normal grief or bereavement; usually does NOT persist >6 months
What are the syxs of adjustment disorders w/ depressed mood:
low mood, tearfulness, or feelings of hopelessness are predominant
What are the syxs of adjustment disorders w/ anxiety:
nervousness, worry, jitteriness, or separation anxiety is predominant
What are the syxs of adjustment disorders w/ mixed and anxiety and depressed mood:
combination of depression + anxiety is predominant
What are the syxs of adjustment disorders w/ disturbance of conduct:
disturbance of conduct is predominant
What are the syxs of adjustment disorders w/ mixed disturbance of emotions and conduct:
both emotional symptoms (ex. depression, anxiety) and a disturbance of conduct are predominant
What are the disorders that fall under somatoform disorders?
somatic symptom disorders (pain disorder)
conversion disorder
pain disorder
illness anxiety disorder (hypochondriasis)
Body dysmorphic disorder
Somatoform disorder, NOS
Diagnostic criteria for conversion disorder (functional neurological symptom disorder):
NOTE: THIS IS A LOT SORRY LOL
- one or more symptoms or deficits affecting voluntary motor or sensory function that suggest a neurological or other general medical condition
- psychological factors are judged to be associated with the symptom or deficit bc the initiation or exacerbation of the syx or deficit is preceded by conflicts or other stressors
- symptom or deficit is not intentionally produced or feigned (factitious disorder)
- syx or deficit cannot be fully explained by general medial condition
- syx or deficit causes clinically signif distress or impairment in social, occupational or impairment in social, occupational or other impt areas of functioning or warrants medical attention
- the symptom or deficit is not limited to pain or sexual dysfxn, does not occur exclusively during course of somatization disorder, and is not better accounted for by another mental disorder
Conversion disorder symptoms:
- paresthesias + anesthesias
- weakness
- paralysis
- pseudoseizures/psychogenic seizures
- involuntary movements (ex. tremors, tics)
- sensory disturbances (blindness, mutism)
What is a factitious disorder?
voluntary control of symptoms, self-injected feces or saliva, bizarre or unusual symptoms
types: Munchausen, Munchausen by proxy (intentional symptoms in another individual- child usually)
What is the treatment for somatoform disorder?
- establish well-established therapeutic relationship
- team approach: pain management, neurology, psychiaty
- CBT
- hypnosis
- anti-anxiety meds (clonazepam)
What are the types of dissociative disorders?
-dissociative amnesia, dissociative fugue, dissociative identity disorder, depersonalization disorder, dissociative disorder, NOS
What is dissociative amnesia?
inability to recall impt personal info; usually info regarding traumatic experience
What is dissociative fugue?
- sudden, unexpected travel away from home
- inability to recall one’s past/personal identity
What is dissociative identity disorder?
“multiple personality disorder”
-often survivors of sexual abuse
