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Clinical Applications Flashcards

(49 cards)

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1
Q

Anterior Cord Syndrome

A

Paralysis and variavle sensation loss

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2
Q

Brown Sequard Syndrome

A

-hemicord lesion
-proprioceptive and motor loss on same side of injury
-pain and temperatures loss on opposite side of injury

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3
Q

Autonomic Dysreflexia risk level

A

above T6

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4
Q

Spina Bifida Characteristics

A

-non progressive
-present at birth
-damage to nerves depends on type and trauma at birth
-usually only survivable in lower spine (paraplegia)
-high risk for development of scoliosis as they grow

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5
Q

Meningocele Spina Bifida

A

-opening of spinal canal
-incomplete vertebra formation
-no damage to spinal cord

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6
Q

myelomeningocele spina bifida

A

-opening of spinal canal
-herniation of nerves or spinal cord into the opening
-damages nerves and/or cord

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7
Q

Hydrocephalus spina bifida

A

-build up of CSF in brain leading to possible skull distortion and brain damage

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8
Q

Arnold-Chiari malformation Spina Bifida

A

-part of the cerebellum protrudes into spinal canal

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9
Q

Spina Bifida results

A

-muscle paralysis/weakness
-loss of sensation
-decreased muscle tone
-poor trunk control and balance
-spinal asymmetries
-decreased motor planning, coordination, and midline skills
-visual impairments (weak ocular motor control, poor fixation, impaired tracking, impaired scanning, impaired perception)
- cognitive impairment (normal to severe, learning disabilities, language difficulties, attention deficits, problems with memory)

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10
Q

Spina Bifida AT Applications for mobility

A

-ambulation aids
-manual or power wheelchairs

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11
Q

Spina Bifida AT Applications for positioning

A

-stability/support to maximize function
-pressure management
-prevention of scoliosis/other deformities
-tilt/recline/standing positioning systems
-24 hour positioning needs

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12
Q

Spina Bifida Other AT Applications

A

-ventilator if needed
-ADL equipment
-EADLs
-Alt drive for moblity
-Computer with alt access
-interfacing technology
-architectural modifications
-transportation technology
-recreational technology

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13
Q

Locked in syndrome - part of brain

A

damage to pontine area

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14
Q

Stroke R side of brain effects

A

-L hemiplegia
-visual field loss
-perceptual problems
-L neglect
-impulsivity
-emotional lability

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15
Q

Stroke L side of brain effects

A

-R hemiplegia
-language impairments
-poor motor planning
-poor math
-slow at tasks

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16
Q

CP Definition

A

non progressive disorder resluting from a lesion to the brain occurring anytime from fetal development to 2 years or age

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17
Q

CP causes

A

-damage to nervous system during fetal development
-maternal dysfunction
-premature separation of the placenta
-bleeding in the baby’s brain
-anoxia in utero or during birth
-injury to brain due to swelling
-post natal causes including meningitis and injury

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18
Q

Types of CP

A

-Spastic/hypertonic
-hypotonic
-dyskinetic
-mixed

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19
Q

Spastic/hypertonic CP

A

velocity dependent muscle tone

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20
Q

hypotonic CP

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A

decreased muscle tone

21
Q

Dyskenetic CP

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A

movement disorder
with extraneous, non-volitional movement or ataxia

22
Q

athetoid

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A

extraneous, non-volitional movement

23
Q

diplegic CP

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A

more involvement in lower limbs

24
Q

triplegic CP

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A

both lower limbs, one upper limb

25
CP Mobility AT
-crutches -gait trainers -walkers -strollers (when young) -manual wheelchairs -power wheelchairs
26
MS definition
an inflammatory disease of the CNS characterized by 2 or more lesions separated in time and space
27
MS higher prevalence in (males/females)?
females
28
MS age of diagnosis
between 20 and 50 yrs old
29
MS effect on CNS
causes demylenation in CNS. Where myelin is lost, scar tissue is left (sclerosis)
30
damaged areas in MS are called
plaques
31
Types of MS
-relapsing remitting (most common) -secondary progressive -primary progressive -progressive relapsing
32
MS Mobility AT
-orthotics -cane/walker -manual wheelchair -power mobility -power assist
33
Age of onset of ALS
usually adult onset, late 50's average
34
ALS types
-progressive bulbar palsy -progressive muscular atrophy -ALS with dementia
35
Progressive bulbar palsy
symptoms begin in motor neurons for cranial nerves -much more rapid progression
36
Progressive muscular atrophy
symptoms begin in motor neurons -somewhat slower progression
37
Spinal muscular atrophy definition
a group of genetic disorders that cause progressive muscle weakness due to damage to motor neurons in spinal cord
38
Spinal muscular atrophy affects [upper/lower] motor neurons?
lower
39
cause of spinal muscular atrophy
hereditary disease caused by autosomal recessive gene
40
Spinal muscular atrophy types
Type I Type II Type III Adult SMA
41
Type I spinal muscular atrophy
-AKA Werdnig-Hoffman disease -usually appears before the age of 6 months -child frequently born with breathing problems -fatal within a year without treatment
42
Type II spinal muscular atrophy
-symptoms usually appear at the age of 6-18 months -life expectancy depends on whether or not breathing problems are present -most survive into adolescence of young adulthood
43
Type III spinal muscular atrophy
AKA Kugelberg-Welander disease -appears after age of 18 months -may have normal life expectancy
44
Adult SMA
begins after age 21 normal life expectancy
45
Type I Osteogenesis Imperfecta
classic non-deforming osteogenesis imperfecta with clue sclerae of the eyes (mildest form)
46
Type II Osteogenesis Imperfecta
perinatally lethal osteogenesis imperfecta; most severe, most die as babies
47
Type III Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Progressively deforming osteogenesis imperfecta
48
Type IV Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Common variable osteogenesis imperfecta with normal sclerae (varying severity)
49
AT for Osteogenesis Imperfecta
-protective postitioning -power mobility usually required -ADL equipment -depends on ROM limitations and strength -think low impact!

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