CLINICAL CHEMISTRY 2 LAB MIDTERM

Question 1

GLUCOSE REFERENCE RANGE

Answer 1

3.6-6.0 mmol/L

Question 2

ALBUMIN REFERENCE RANGE

Answer 2

33-45 g/L

Question 3

UREA REFERENCE RANGE

Answer 3

2.8-7.1 mmol/L

Question 4

SODIUM REFERENCE RANGE

Answer 4

135-147 mmol/L

Question 5

POTASSIUM REFERENCE RANGE

Answer 5

3.5-5.1 mmol/L

Question 6

CHLORIDE REFERENCE RANGE

Answer 6

97-106 mmol/L

Question 7

TCO2 REFERENCE RANGE

Answer 7

22-30 mmol/L

Question 8

CALCIUM, TOTAL REFERENCE RANGE

Answer 8

2.10-2.60 mmol/L

Question 9

CALULATED OSMOLITY FORMULA

Answer 9

2(Na) + Glucose + Urea

Question 10

ANION GAP FORMULA W/O K

Answer 10

Na - (Cl+TCO2)

Question 11

ANION GAP W K FORMULA

Answer 11

(Na + K) - (Cl + TCO2)

Question 12

CORRECTED CALCIUM FORMULA

Answer 12

Measured total calcium +( 0.02 [40-albumin g/L])

Question 13

OSMOLARITY GAP FORMULA

Answer 13

Measured osmolity - calculated osmolity, MUST BE WITH +/- 10 OF THE MEASURED

Question 14

HCO3 CALCULATED

Answer 14

ANTILOG (PH-6.10) x (TCO2 x 0.0307)

Question 15

LDL-C FORMULA

Answer 15

TOTAL CHOLESTEROL - HDL CHOLESTEROL - (Triglycerides x 0.46)

Question 16

NON HDL CHOLESTEROL

Answer 16

TOTAL CHOLESTEROL - HDL CHOLESTEROL

Question 17

What technology is used on the Cobas e 411

Answer 17

Electrochemiluminescence

Question 18

WHAT HAPPENS TO PSA AS YOU AGE?

Answer 18

IT INCREASES

Question 19

Both triglyceride and total cholesterol enzymatic reactions end in color production. What enzyme (in both reactions) creates this end product from peroxide and dye?

Answer 19

PEROXIDASE

Question 20

In the enzymatic measurement of triglycerides, bacterial lipase breaks down triglyceride and water to

Answer 20

GLYCEROL AND 3 FATTY ACIDS

Question 21

What is the wavelength used to detect the end product in the enzymatic measurement of total cholesterol

Answer 21

500NM

Question 22

Using plasma from an under-filled sodium or lithium heparin tube will falsely…….

Answer 22

INCREASE RESULTS

Question 23

A corrected calcium result should be calculated when which other analyte is low?

Answer 23

ALBUMIN

Question 24

What is present in the blood of a patient suffering from diabetic ketoacidosis that would cause an increased anion gap result?

Answer 24

ketone bodies

Question 25

METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OF GLUCOSE ON ISTAT

Answer 25

Amperometry

Question 26

METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OF UREA ON ISTAT

Answer 26

Potentiometry

Question 27

METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OF HEMATOCRIT ON ISTAT

Answer 27

Conductometry

Question 28

VITROS ISE METHOD?

Answer 28

Direct ISE Potentiometry System

Question 29

COBAS C 311 ISE METHOD?

Answer 29

Indirect ISE Potentiometry System

Question 30

iSTAT ISE METHOD?

Answer 30

Direct ISE Potentiometry System

Question 31

TOTAL PROTEIN REFERENCE RANGE

Answer 31

60-80 g/L

Question 32

CREATINE REFERENCE RANGE

Answer 32

FEMALE: 35-97 umol/L MALE: 44-106 umol/L

Question 33

TOTAL BILIRUBIN REFERENCE RANGE

Answer 33

5-21 umol/L

Question 34

DIRECT BILIRUBIN REFERENCE RANGE

Answer 34

<7.0 umol/L

Question 35

LIPASE

Answer 35

Catalyzes the hydrolysis of fat, acute pancreatitis

Question 36

LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE

Answer 36

Interconversion of lactic and pyruvic acids, coenzyme NAD+, substrate L lactate. Megaloblastic anemia

Question 37

ALKALINE PHOSPHATE

Answer 37

Dephosphorylation of compounds, | Hepatobiliary disorders

Question 38

CREATINE KINASE

Answer 38

Regeneration of ATP in muscle. Myopathies

Question 39

UNCONJUGATED BILIRUBIN

Answer 39

bound to albumin, transport to liver INDIRECR

Question 40

CONJUGATED BILIRUBIN

Answer 40

conjugated with glucuronic acid by UDPGT to from conjugated bilirubin to eventually be excreted in urine DIRECT

Question 41

In circulation______ of total bilirubin is unconjugated and______is conjugated bilirubin.

Answer 41

80%, 20%

Question 42

ERRONEOUS BILIRUBIN RESULTS

Answer 42

Presence of hemolysis, exposed to light

Question 43

What is present in the total bilirubin reaction that is not in the direct bilirubin reaction?

Answer 43

SURFACTANT

Question 44

Both total and direct bilirubin mixtures are read using a spectrophotometer set at

Answer 44

546 nm

Question 45

Post-hepatic jaundice

Answer 45

Increase in conjugated bilirubin | Normal unconjugated bilirubin

Question 46

Hepatic jaundice

Answer 46

Increase in unconjugated biirubin | Increase in conjugated bilirubin

Question 47

Pre-hepatic jaundice

Answer 47

Increase in unconjugated bilirubin | Normal conjugated bilirubin

Question 48

ALT

Answer 48

SPECIFIC FOR LIVER DISEASE

Question 49

GGT

Answer 49

IN CHRONIC ALCHOLICS

Question 50

Which liver enzymes are determined by measuring a decrease in absorbance?

Answer 50

AST, ALP

Question 51

Total and direct bilirubin are both measured using the ____method

Answer 51

diazo

Question 52

Cholestasis

Answer 52

Increased total bilirubin Increased direct bilirubin Elevated liver enzymes (ALP and GGT)

Question 53

Hemolytic anemia

Answer 53

Increased total bilirubin Normal direct bilirubin Normal liver enzymes

Question 54

Cirrhosis

Answer 54

Increased total bilirubin Increased direct bilirubin Elevated liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and LDH)