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Clinical Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

Urea:creatinine ratio (Normal)

A

10-20:1

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2
Q

Triple test for Down Syndrome

A

BAE ❤️

Beta-hcg ⬆️
AFP⬇️
Estriol⬇️

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3
Q

Quadruple test for Down Syndrome

A

⬆️Inhibin A, ⬆️Beta hCG, ⬇️AFP, ⬇️Estriol

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4
Q

Most commonly used venipuncture needles? (Length)

A

1-1.5inch (2.54cm-3.81cm)

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5
Q

Sample blank corrects for the absorbance interference caused by:

A

Bilirubin- imparts color to specimen

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6
Q

Substrate for lipase assay

A

Olive oil or Triolein

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7
Q

Substrate used for Bower’s and McComb in ALP

A

P-nitrophenyl phosphate

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8
Q

Floating betalipoprotein

A

Beta-VLDL

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9
Q

Sinking pre-beta lipoprotein

A

Lp(a)

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10
Q

Effect of ECG in Potassium

A

Alters potassium-Hyperkalemia

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11
Q

Detection limit of beta hCG in Serum

A. 1-2mIU/mL
B. 5-10mIU/mL
C. 10-20mIU/mL
D. 20mIU/mL

A

A. 1-2mIU/mL

20mIU/mL detection limit for URINE

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12
Q

Neonatal Thyroid Screening detects:

A. Hyperthyroidism
B. Hypothyroidism

A

B. Hypothyroidism

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13
Q

SYNTHETIC function of Liver

A. Protein, Carbohydrates Lipids
B. Clotting Factors
C. Enzymes
D. Ketones
E. A and C only
F. All of the above
A

F. All

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14
Q

Trisomy 18

A

Edward’s syndrome

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15
Q

Analyte used to determine dehydration

A. Albumin
B. Creatinine
C. Hematocrit
D. A and C
E. All of the above
A

D. A and C

⬆️albumin (total protein)-lack of dilution in blood
⬆️hematocrit- relative polycythemia

Creatinine is NOT affected- produced in fixed rate

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16
Q

Quality Control that involves the analyses of control sample together with patient’s specimen

A. Internal QC
B. Intralab QC
C. External QC
D. A and B
E. All of the above
A

D. Internal or Intralab QC

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17
Q

DELTA CHECK refers to:

A. Checking for properly labeled specimen
B. Checking for proper patient identification
C. Comparison of patient’s previous result for discrepancy
D. A and B

A

C. Comparison of patient’s previous result for discrepancy

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18
Q

Analytes that are Increased in Alcoholism

A. GGT
B. Triglycerides
C. Urates
D. A and B
E. All of the above
A

E. All of the above

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19
Q

Which anticoagulant has EDTA?

A. Pink
B. Purple
C. Tan
D. White
E. All of the above
F. And B only
A

E. All of the above

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20
Q

DM is diagnostic in Random Glucose.

A. True
B. False

A

A. True (250mg/dL of random blood glucose: symptoms)

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21
Q

Most common Glycogen Storage Disease

A

Von-gierke Type a1

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22
Q

Beta gamma bridge is seen in _______

A

Hepatic cirrhosis

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23
Q

Analyte tested for hepatic failure

A

Ammonia

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24
Q

Conditions asscoiated with LD Flipped Pattern (LD1>LD2)

A

Myocardial Infarction
Renal infarction
Hemolytic anemia

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25
First enzyme to increase in Myocardial Infarction
CK-MB
26
Firct CARDIAC MARKER to increase in MI
Myoglobin
27
Most specific marker for MI
Cardiac Troponin
28
Primary Hyperthyroidism A. ⬇️TSH ⬆️T3 T4 B. ⬆️TSH ⬇️T3 T4
A. ⬇️TSH ⬆️T3 T4 Secondary Hyperthyroidism ⬆️TSH ⬇️FT4
29
Visible light spectrum (nanometer)
400-700nm
30
Reference Method for Lipoprotein Analysis
ULTRACENTRIFUGATION
31
Unit used for ethanol impairment A. %w/v B. mg/dL C. mmol/L D. All of the above
D. All
32
Amount of blood in a person
5-6 Liters
33
Greatest increase in LDH is seen in
Pernicious Anemia
34
Enzyme with increase activity at LOW TEMPERATURE
ALP
35
Preferred sample for Electrolytes ``` A. Lithium Heparin B. Sodium Heparin C. EDTA D. Citrate E. None ```
A. Lithium Heparin (no green line on label) Sodium Heparin NOT for electrolytes (with green lines)
36
Main cause of Trend?
Deteriorating reagent
37
Main cause of shift
Improper calibration of instrument
38
Color of the container for Sharps
Red Dry non infectious-black Wet non infectious-green Wet infectious-yellow Radioactive-orange
39
Use for cleansing puncture site ``` A. 70% alcohol B. Gauze C. Zephiran D. A and B E. All ```
E. All
40
Whole blood glucose is ________ than serum glucose A. 24mg/dL higher B. 12mg/dL higher C. 24mg/dL lower D. 12mg/dL lower
D. 12mg/dL (10-15%) LOWER
41
Sodium will _______ in Diabetic Individual. A. Increase B. Decrease
Decrease An increase in glucose in DM px can cause INCREASE osmolality For every 100mg/dL increase glucose serum sodium will decrease by 1.6mmol/L
42
In hyperthyroidism; T3 and T3 uptake are ______ A. Increase B. Decrease
A. Increase
43
Test used to assess conflicting thyroid result
Reverse T3
44
Reverse T3 is formed from the deionization of T4 in: A. Blood B. Thyroid C. Hypothalamus
A. Blood
45
Test for detoxifying function
Ammonia
46
SI unit for Creatinine
umol/L
47
Conversion factor of creatinine
88.4
48
Conversion factor of bilirubin
17.1
49
Lipoprotein of lowest density
Chylomicrons
50
Plasma electrophoresis is done at a pH of A. 7.4 B. 8.0 C. 8.6 D. 6.8
C. 8.6 Electrophoresis is usually done at alkaline pH of 8.6. Proteins at this pH tend to become negatively charge and thus migrate towards the anode
51
Indicator used in chloride titrimetric determination
Diphenyl carbazone
52
Serum lipase is most stable at A. 10degreesC B. 20degreesC C. -10degreesC D.4degreesC
C. 4 degrees C
53
Importance of measuring urea is in its value an indicator of: A. Liver function B. Decarboxylation C. Kidney function D. Thyroid function
Kidney Function
54
Most labile enzyme at low temperature
Lactate dehydrogenase
55
Glutamate oxaloacetate is now called:
Aspartate aminotransferase
56
In electrophoresis, the fraction of protein that migrates fastest is: A. Alpha globulin B. Beta globulin C. Gamma globulin D. Albumin
D. Albumin
57
Amylase activity can be assayed by measurement of the disappearance of starch, in this method, the indicator is:
Iodine
58
According to beer's law, the absorbance of a substance is: A. Inversely proportional to the square of concentration B. Proportional to the square of concentration C. Directly proportional to the concentration D. Inversely proportional to the concentration
C.
59
Hemolysis produces in serum bilirubin determination: A. Erroneously high result B. Erroneously low result C. Same as hemolyzed serum D. No error
B. Low result
60
Standard used for icterus index
Potassium dichromate
61
Amount of enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 1micromole of substrate per minute A. KU/I B. IU C. U/mL D. U/L
B. IU Katal unit is equivalent to 1 mole of substrate per SECOND
62
Currently considered as the reference method for serum calcium determination
Atomic absorption spectrometry
63
Interfere chemically with the determination of chloride A. Bromide B. Iodide C. Either D. Neither
C. Either Amperometric and coulometric titration in chloride determination suffer from halogen interference
64
Ability of analytical procedure to measure SMALL amount of component in a specimen
Sensitivity
65
Reaction that measure 17-KS (ketosteroid)
Zimmerman
66
Enzyme that hydrolyze triglyceride
Lipase
67
A patient has decreased haptoglobin level, elevated LDH, accompanied by increased reticulocyte count. What is the most likely caused? A. Muscular dystrophy B. Intravascular hemolysis C. Myocardial infarction D. Liver disease
B. Intravascular hemolysis.
68
The adenocortical hormone responsible for water and electrolyte balance
Aldosterone
69
Ion selective membrane used to measure potassium is made of A. Calomel B. Valinomycin C. Potassium chloride
Valinomycin
70
Anticoagulat of choice for blood gas studies
Lithium heparin
71
What is the condition that results in metabolic acidosis with severe hypokalemia and chronic alkaline urine?
Renal tubular acidosis
72
Most potent estrogen
Estradiol

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