Clinical Chemistry (Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Toxicology) Flashcards
395-437 (33 cards)
Levels of 8-9% carboxyhemoglobin saturation of whole blood are commonly found in which of the following situations?
A. Fatal carbon monoxide poisoning
B. Acute carbon monoxide poisoning
C. Nonsmoking residents of rural areas
D. Cigarette smokers
Which of the following methods would yield reliable quantification of ethanol in the presence of isopropanol?
A. Reaction with permanganate and chromotropic acid
B. Conway diffusion followed by dichromate reaction
C. Alcohol dehydrogenase reaction
D. Gas-liquid chromatography
Which of the following tests would be particularly useful in determining isopropanolexposure?
A. Serum osmolality and urine acetone
B. Urine osmolality and serum osmolality
C. Urine acetone and urine osmolality
D. Serum sodium and serum acetone
When screening urine for toxic concentrations of certain substances, which of the following will not be identified by the Reinsch test?
A. Bismuth
B. Arsenic
C. Mercury
D. Cyanide
Heroin is synthesized from what drug?
A. Diazepam
B. Morphine
C. Ecgonine
D. Chlorpromazine
After absorption, codeine is rapidly metabolized to what compound?
A. Phencyclidine
B. Morphine
C. Methadone
D. Propoxyphene
THC (A9-tetrahydrocannabinol) is the principal active component of what drug?
A. Benzodiazepine
B. Marijuana
C. Morphine
D. Codeine
Identification of the urinary metabolite benzoylecgonine would be useful in determining exposure to which of the following drugs?
A. Codeine
B. Cocaine
C. Amphetamine
D. Propoxyphene
Of the following specimens, which would be appropriate for determining exposure to lead?
A. EDTA plasma
B. Serum
C. Whole blood
D. Cerebrospinal fluid
Free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (FEP) levels are useful as a screening method for exposure to which of the following metals?
A. Zinc
B. Lead
C. Iron
D. Mercury
Anticoagulated whole blood is the preferred specimen in determining exposure to what compound?
A. Methanol
B. Mercury
C. Acetaminophen
D. Carbon monoxide
What is the approximate number of half-life periods required for a serum drug concentration to reach 97-99% of the steady state?
A. 1-3
B. 2-4
C. 5-7
D. 7-9
For what colorimetric determination is the Trinder reaction widely used?
A. Acetaminophen
B. Propoxyphene
C. Salicylate
D. Barbiturate
Acetaminophen is particularly toxic to what organ?
A. Heart
B. Kidney
C. Spleen
D. Liver
Which of the following is an example of a long-acting barbiturate?
A. Phenobarbital
B. Amobarbital
C. Secobarbital
D. Pentobarbital
Increased trough levels of aminoglycosides in the serum are often associated with toxic effects to which organ?
A. Heart
B. Kidney
C. Pancreas
D. Liver
Which of the following is an example of an antiarrhythmic drug that has a metabolite with the same action?
A. Quinidine
B. Digoxin
C. Procainamide
D. Nortriptyline
In what form must a drug be in order to elicit a pharmacologic response?
A. Free
B. Bound to albumin
C. Bound to globulins
D. Bound to fatty acids
An epileptic patient receiving phenytoin develops acute glomerulonephritis. What change, if any, would be expected in the patient’s circulating drug level?
A. Decrease in free drug
B. Increase in free drug
C. Increase in protein-bound drug
D. No change in circulating drug level
Free drug levels can generally be determined by analyzing what body fluid?
A. Whole blood
B. Ultrafiltrate of plasma
C. Urine
D. Protein-free filtrate of plasma
Which of the following drugs is used as an
immunosuppressant in organ transplantation, especially in liver transplants?
A. Methotrexate
B. Amiodarone
C. Tacrolimus
D. Paroxetine
Which of the following is a commonly encountered xanthine that could potentially interfere with the determination of theophylline?
A. Nicotine
B. Caffeine
C. Amphetamine
D. Procainamide
What is the major active metabolite of the anticonvulsant drug primidone?
A. Phenytoin
B. Acetazolamide
C. NAPA
D. Phenobarbital
Nortriptyline is the active metabolite of which of the following drugs?
A. Amitriptyline
B. Desipramine
C. Imipramine
D. Doxepin