Clinical Pathology Final Flashcards
(24 cards)
Name the sample handling techniques or patient factors that will falsely ELEVATE blood glucose?
- Recent meal (last 2-4hrs)
2. Excitement (cats**)
Name the sample handling techniques that will falsely DECREASE blood glucose?
- Extended time for serum removal (continued glycolysis)
Which animals are the exception to the “fasting prior to blood draw if possible” rule?
Ruminants
In a cat, lymphocytes with be ________ with stress and ______ with excitement (catecholamines).
Decreased –> Lymphopenia
Increased –> Lymphocytosis
What are the 5 main hormones/chemical mediators responsible for the regulation of blood glucose?
- Insulin
- Glucagon
- Growth Hormone
- Catecholamines
- Glucocorticoids
How do you prevent further glycolysis from occurring by RBC’s post blood draw?
Remove serum from clot quickly (
When evaluating insulin in serum, what other value must be measured and analyzed at the same time?
Blood glucose
What is one of the most common causes of hyperglycemia?
Glucocorticoids
Either endo/exogenous
Administration of topical steroids can cause what two biochemical elevations?
ALKP
Glucose
What is a big danger of severe/recurrent pancreatitis cases?
Development of diabetes mellitus
What is your only differential for elevated ALB?
dehydration
TCO2 = _______?
bicarb
Which disease is the most common cause of illness-related Heinz bodies in cats?
Diabetic ketoacidosis
What can you measure to confirm elevated glucose is due to diabetes and not stress?
Fructosamine
Elevates with hyperglycemia
What can cause a false decrease in fructosamine readings?
Hypoalbuminemia
In general, how high does amylase need to be elevated to suggest pancreatic injury? EXCEPTION??
> 3-4X upper limit
Animal CANNOT be azotemic
In general, how high does lipase need to be elevated to suggest pancreatic injury? EXCEPTION??
> 2X normal
Dogs receiving steroids (or Cushing’s)
T/F: In general, analysis of amylase and lipase in peritoneal fluid is better than in serum.
True
Exceptions: r/o GI rupture w/peritoneal fluid
Most likely predisposing factor for feline pancreatitis?
IBD (inflammatory bowel disease)
A v/d small animal comes to you and has a metabolic alkalosis. What do you immediately suspect?
Pyloric obstruction
T/F: In general, small animals that have v/d will have a metabolic alkalsosis.
False; they will be acidotic
Top 2 ddx for hypochloridemia and metabolic alkalosis in a ruminant?
- Abomasomal volvulus
2. Proximal duodenal obstruction
Rule of thumb:
HCT = ~ _?_x Hgb
3x
Which 2 hematology parameters are calculated?
HCT
MCHC
