Clinical Pharmacology Exam IV Flashcards
(121 cards)
1
Q
Name the different kinds of drugs that alter the CNS. (general)
A
2
Q
Name the different kinds of neurotransmitters that affect the CNS.
A
3
Q
Name the two different kinds of receptors that exist in the CNS.
A
4
Q
Substances can cross the blood brain barrier if _____.
A
5
Q
The blood brain barrier may be compromised if ____.
A
6
Q
What is the MOA of anticonvulsant drugs?
A
7
Q
Describe the pharmacokinetics of anticonvulsant drugs.
A
8
Q
Describe some of the adverse side effects of anticonvulsant drugs.
A
9
Q
What is a seizure?
A
10
Q
What are the goals of anticonvulsants in controlling seizures?
A
11
Q
Barbiturates and benzodiazepines bind _____ but on different ____.
A
12
Q
What is the normal MOA of GABA on the GABA-A receptor?
A
13
Q
Describe the MOA of barbiturates on the GABA-A receptor.
A
14
Q
Describe the MOA of benzodiazepines on the GABA-A receptor.
A
15
Q
Describe the properties of the GABA-A receptor.
A
16
Q
Barbiturates and benzodiazepines cause an influx of chloride into the cell, what happens after that?
A
17
Q
List the different kinds of barbiturates that we use in veterinary medicine.
A
18
Q
Describe the indications and clinical uses of phenobarbital.
A
19
Q
Describe the indications and clinical uses of primidone.
A
20
Q
Describe the indications and clinical uses of pentobarbital.
A
21
Q
Describe the absorption of phenobarbital.
A
22
Q
Describe the distribution of phenobarbital.
A
23
Q
Describe the metabolism and excretion of phenobarbital.
A
24
Q
What are the side effects of phenobarbital?
A
25
What are the contraindications to using phenobarbital?
26
____ is one the most POTENT drugs to induce hepatic microbial enzymes.
27
Describe some of the drug interactions that can occur with phenobarbital.
28
What should you consider when dosing and monitoring your patients on phenobarbital?
29
T/F: Phenytoin is used in veterinary medicine.
False
30
List the different benzodiazepines we use in veterinary medicine.
31
List the indications and clinical uses of benzodiazepines in veterinary medicine.
32
Describe the absorption of benzodiazepines.
33
Describe the distribution of benzodiazepines.
34
Describe the metabolism and excretion of benzodiazepines.
35
What are the side effects of benzodiazepines?
36
What are the contraindications to using benzodiazepines?
37
Describe the indications and clinical uses of potassium bromide.
38
Describe the MOA of potassium bromide.
39
Describe the absorption of potassium bromide.
40
Describe the distribution of potassium bromide.
41
Describe the metabolism and excretion of potassium bromide.
42
What are the side effects of potassium bromide?
43
What are the contraindications to using potassium bromide?
44
Valproic acid and sodium valproate are not recommended due to _____.
45
Describe the indications and clinical uses of gabapentin.
46
What is the MOA of gabapentin?
47
Describe the absorption of gabapentin.
48
Describe the distribution of gabapentin.
49
Describe the metabolism and excretion of gabapentin.
50
What are the adverse reactions and side effects of gabapentin?
51
What are the contraindications and precautions to using gabapentin?
52
What drug interactions occur with gabapentin?
53
What are the different kinds of drugs we use for restraint and seizure control in horses?
54
What effects to phenothiazines NOT have in horses? What undesirable effects can they have in stallions?
55
What are the uses of benzodiazepines in equine practice?
56
What species is the most sensitive to alpha-2 agonist?
Cattle
57
What type of arrhythmia do alpha 2 agonists cause in horses?
2nd degree AV block
58
What is the reversal agent for alpha-2 agonists?
Atepamizole / Yohimbine
59
What are some common behavioral issues that we commonly treat in veterinary medicine?
60
What are the goals of the 2015 AAHA Canine and Feline Behavior Management Guidelines?
61
What is separation anxiety?
62
What is a noise phobia?
63
What is a panic disorder?
64
What are some common nonspecific signs of anxiety?
65
5-HT is _____.
NE is _____.
DA is _____.
66
What are some drugs that we use as part of our medical behavioral modification plan?
67
____ is a tricyclic antidepressant that we use as a part of our medical behavior modification.
68
____ is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) that we use as a part of our medical behavior modification.
69
____ is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that we use as a part of our medical behavior modification.
70
____ is a centrally acting 2A agonist that we use as a part of our medical behavior modification.
71
Clomipramine (ClomiCalm) is a ____ that is FDA approved for ____.
72
Fluoxetine (Reconcile) is a ____ that is FDA approved for ____.
73
Selegiline (Anipryl) is a ____ that is FDA approved for ____.
74
Dexmedetomidine (SILEO) is a ____ that is FDA approved for ____.
75
What are some of the major drugs classes that we use in our behavior modification treatment plants? List some examples.
76
Describe the uses and indications of benzodiazepines for behavior modification.
77
What is the MOA of benzodiazepines?
78
What are the wanted and unwanted effects of benzodiazepines?
79
What are the contraindications to using benzodiazepines?
80
_____ is a benzodiazepine known to cause hepatic necrosis in cats.
81
_____ is a benzodiazepine known to cause liver dysfunction.
82
What is the MOA of buspirone (BuSpar)?
83
What are the different uses and indications of buspirone (BuSpar)?
84
What are the pharmacokinetics of buspirone (BuSpar)?
85
What are the adverse effects and drug interactions of buspirone (BuSpar)?
86
What are the different kinds of antidepressants that we use in veterinary medicine?
87
Describe the role that monamine plays in the expression of mood.
88
What is the MOA of reuptake inhibitors?
89
What is the MOA of monoamine oxidase inhibitors?
90
List the different tricyclic antidepressants we use in veterinary medicine.
91
Describe the MOA of TCA.
92
Describe the use of TCA in dogs and cats.
93
Describe the pharmacokinetics of TCA.
94
Describe the side effects of TCA.
95
List the different SSRI drugs that we use in veterinary medicine.
96
Describe the MOA of SSRI.
97
Describe the use of SSRI.
98
Describe the pharmacokinetics of SSRI.
99
What is the cause of serotonin syndrome? What does it present like clinically?
100
What are the precautions and adverse reactions to using fluoxetine in dogs with separation anxiety?
101
Name the MAOI that we use in veterinary medicine.
102
Describe the MOA of MAOI.
103
Describe the uses/indications of MAOI.
104
Describe the pharmacokinetics of MAOI.
105
Describe the side effects of MAOI.
106
Describe the contraindications to using MAOI.
107
Describe the key benefits and safety information regarding the use of Selegiline (Anipryl).
108
Describe the uses and indications to using alpha 2 agonists as part of a behavior modification treatment plan.
109
Describe the MOA of alpha-2 agonist.
110
Describe the adverse effects, contraindications and drug interactions of alpha 2 agonists.
111
What is some important safety information regarding the use of dexmedetomidine (Sileo) in dogs with canine noise aversion?
112
Describe the indications and uses of trazodone.
113
Describe the MOA of trazodone.
114
Describe the adverse reactions, contraindications and drug interactions of trazodone.
115
Describe the wanted and unwanted effects of trazodone in horses.
116
What is a good drug option for a canine with separation anxiety and salivation?
117
What is a good drug option for a canine with separation anxiety and destructive behavior?
118
What is a good drug option for a canine with separation anxiety and noise reactivity?
119
What is a good drug option for a canine with a panic disorder?
120
What are some good drugs option for fearful dogs and cats?
121
How do we diagnose and treat feline urine marking?
