Clinical Psychology Flashcards
diagnosis and mental health (23 cards)
What does the mental health continuum include?
Good mental health, mental health problems, and mental illness.
What is a growth mindset?
The belief that intelligence and strengths can be changed and developed through effort and learning.
What are the 4Ps risk factors in mental health?
Predisposing, Precipitating, Perpetuating, and Protective factors.
What is a specific phobia?
A disorder characterized by marked fear or anxiety about a specific object or situation, often leading to avoidance behavior.
What is exposure therapy?
A psychological treatment where the client is gradually exposed to the feared object or situation in a controlled manner to reduce anxiety.
What is the order of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs from bottom to top?
Physiological needs, Safety needs, Love/Belonging needs, Esteem needs, Self-actualization.
What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
Hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech, and behavior.
What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
Loss of interest or pleasure in normal activities, loss of motivation, and decreased emotional expression.
What are the treatments for schizophrenia?
Psychotherapy (CBT), social support, and medical treatment (medication).
What are the roles of a clinical psychologist?
Psychological assessment and diagnosis, psychological treatment, and research, teaching, and evaluation.
What is the DSM-5?
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition, used to diagnose psychiatric illnesses.
How does W.H.O define being mentally healthy?
A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
What are adaptive behaviors?
Actions that enable a person to effectively carry out their usual everyday tasks.
What are maladaptive behaviors?
Actions that interfere with a person’s ability to carry out their usual activities effectively.
What is social wellbeing?
Feeling connected to others, being part of a community, and maintaining healthy relationships.
What is emotional wellbeing?
Experiencing positive emotions and feeling generally satisfied with life.
What is neuroplasticity?
The idea that the brain can be molded and new neural pathways are created when learning new skills.
What does the biopsychosocial framework include?
Biological, psychological, and social factors in understanding health and mental health.
What is a mood disorder?
A mental disorder involving a disabling disturbance in emotional state, ranging from depression to mania.
What is anxiety?
A state of arousal involving unpleasant feelings of apprehension or uneasiness about the future.
What are obsessions in OCD?
Recurring upsetting or scary thoughts that come into a person’s mind even when they don’t want them to.
What are the treatments for OCD?
Exposure and response prevention.
What characterizes psychotic disorders?
Loss of contact with reality, leading to confusion and disorganized thinking and behavior.
