Clinical - Pulmonary Bacterial Infections Flashcards
(29 cards)
What are the typical findings in streptococcus pneumoniae?
Leukocytosis, rust colored sputum, effusion
CXR shows classic lobar pneumonia
When will a staphlyococcus aureus pneumoniae infection occur?
Serve diabetes, immunocompromised, drug abusers, dialysis patients, influenza and measles patients
What three pulmonary conditions can cause a pseudomonas aeroginosa infection?
CF, bronchiectasis, COPD
What two problems do most patients with haemophilus influenza pneumonia have?
COPD
Alcoholism
What three diseases does moraxella catarrhalis cause?
Sinusitis
Otitis
Pneumonia
What is the etiology of legionella?
Inhalation of aerosolized organisms
Air conditioning towers
Construction
Infected showers
How do legionella patients present?
Pneumonia
Abrupt onset cough, chills, dyspnea, headache
Myalgia, arthralgia, diarrhea, change in mental status
What lab values are characteristic of legionella?
Legionella urinary antigen
Positive fluorescent antibody stain
4 fold increase in titer
How does mycoplasma pneumonia present?
Cough, fever, pharyngitis, coryza, tracheobronchitis, bullous myringitis
What are the lab findings in mycoplasma?
CXR shows unilateral bronchopneumonia and pleural effusion
Cold agglutins
What is the clinical presentation of chlamydia pneumoniae?
Pharyngitis, pneumonia, bronchitis, sinusitis
Pharyngeal erythema and wheezing
What is the mode of transmission of psittacosis?
Birds
What causes Q fever and how is it acquired?
Coxiella burnetii
Contact with cats or farm animals
Inhaled
How is francisella tularensis trasnmitted?
Rabbits and bites of ticks or deer flies
What are the clinical findings of francisella tularensis?
Cutaneous ulcer and lymphadenopathy
Cough, fever, chest pain
Lower lobe patchy infiltrates and pleural effusion
What causes the plague?
Yersinia pestis
What are the clinical findings in yersinia?
Bilateral lower lobe alveolar infiltrates
Organisms on Giemsa or fluorescent AB staining
Fever, headache, bubo (groin or axilla), cough
How does nocardia present?
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, necrotizing pneumonia, lung abscess
How does actinomycosis usually present?
Patient has severe dental caries, tissue necrosis, cough, fever, pulmonary lesions, fisula
What predisposes to aspiration pneumonia?
Nasogastric tube, anesthesia, coma, seizures, CNS problems, diaphragmatic hernia, TE fistula
What is a collection of pus that leads to a cavity formation?
Abscess
How does a CXR appear with abscess?
Cavitated lesions and air fluid level
What is latent TB?
Positive PPD but not active TB
What is miliary TB?
Diffuse presence of small nodules throughout the body
