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BACTE LEC (LESSON 15) > Clinical Significant Strep And Strep-like Organisms > Flashcards

Clinical Significant Strep And Strep-like Organisms Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the essential virulence factor of S. pyogenes?

A

M protein

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2
Q

This protein is encoded of emm gene.

A

M proteins

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3
Q

How many serotypes of M protein thus S. pyogenes have?

A

80 serotypes

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4
Q

Roles of M protein.

A

Evades phagocytosis
Adhesion to the mucosal cells

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5
Q

The most common serotype of M protein found in pharyngitis.

A

M1

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6
Q

Which of the following is/are not virulence factors of S. pyogenes
A. Fibronectin-binding protein (Protein F)
B. Neuraminidase
C. Streptolysin O
D. Streptokinase

A

B

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7
Q

What are the virulence factors of S. pyogenes?

A

M protein
Lipotechoic acid
Hyaluronic acid capsule
Protein F
Extracellular products
(Enzymes, hemolysin, exotoxins)

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8
Q

What are the extracellular products of S. pyogenes ?

A

Extracellular products
- Streptolysin O
- Streptolysin S
- DNase
-streptokinase
-hyaluronidase
-streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin
(Erythrogenic toxins)

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9
Q

Four immunologically distinct exotoxins types found in S. pyogenes?

A

SpeA
SpeB
SpeC
SpeF

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10
Q

Which virulence factors of S. pyogenes is not for adhesion?
A. M protein
B. protein F
C. Lipotechoic acid
D. Hyaluronic acid capsule

A

D.

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11
Q
  1. Hyaluronic acid capsule:
  2. Streptolysin S:
  3. Streptolysin O:
    A. Weakly immunogenic
    B. Highly immunogenic
    C. Nonimmunogenic
A
  1. A
  2. C
  3. B
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12
Q

Virulence factor that mask the antigen to avoid phagocytosis.

A

Hyaluronic acid capsule

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13
Q

What is the common DNase in S. pyogenes?

A

DNase B

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14
Q

It is responsible for hemolysis in the SBA plate incubated ANAEROBICALLY.

A

Streptolysin O

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15
Q

The SLO leaves antibodies in hemolysin that can be measured in what test?

A

Antistreptolysin O (ASO) test

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16
Q

It is an oxygen stable type of Streptolysin and resposibel for hemolysis incubated AEROBICALLY.

A

Streptolysin S

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17
Q

This virulence factor of S. pyogenes cause lysis of fibrin clots.

A

Streptokinase

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18
Q

T or F
Group C and G alse have streptokinase.

A

True

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19
Q

It is the spreading factor of S. pyogenes.

A

Hyaluronidase

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20
Q

Some strain of S. pyogenes cause red spreading rash called ____ and cause by what virulence factor?

A
  • Scarlet fever
  • streptococcal pyrogenic exotixins
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21
Q

This virulence factors of S. pyogenes is superantigen.

A

Steptococcal pyrogenic toxins

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22
Q

Clinical infections of S. pyogenes

A
  • Bacterial pharyngitis
  • pyodermal infection
  • necrotizing fasciitis
    -streptococcal toxic shock syndrome
    Poststreptococcal sequelae
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23
Q

Mos common clinical manifestation of GAS infection

A

Bacterial pharyngitis

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24
Q

T or F
Strep throat is usually seen in children between 3-4 yrs. Old.

A

False- 5-15 yrs old

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25
Bacterial pharyngitis could be spread through___.
Droplets or close contact
26
Which is not a pyodermal infection of S. pyogenes? A. Folliculitis B. Impetigo C. Erysipelas D. Cellulitis
A.
27
This skin infection begins in small vesicles that progress to weeping lesions. Occurs through minor abrasion and isect bites bites.
Impetigo
28
A rare infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissues is observed frequently in elderly patients.
Erysipelas
29
Can develop following deeper invasion by strep.
Cellulitis
30
An invasive infection characterized by rapid progressing inflammation and necrosis of the skin, Subcutaneous fat, and fascia.
Necrotizing fasciitis
31
What type of NF cause by polymicrobial infection?
Type 1
32
NF cause only by GAS.
Type 2
33
Type of NF that is a gas gangrene/ clostridial myonecrosis
Type 3
34
This infection of S. pyogenes cause the entire organ system to collapse.
Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome
35
GAS associated with TSS produce what type of streptoccal pyrogenic exotoxins?
SpeA
36
Two serious complications of Postreptococcal sequelae infection.
Rheumatic Fever (RF) Acute glomerulonephritis
37
Characterized by fever, an inflammation of the heart, joints, blood vessels, and subcutaneous tissues.
Rheumatic fever
38
Circulating immune complexes found in the serum of patients with___.
Acute glomerulonephritis
39
What causes acute glomerulonephritis?
Ag-Ab complexes deposits in glomeruli. The complement is fixed, and the inflammatory response cause damage to glomeruli that further damage the kidneys function.
40
What antibiotics is good for S. pyogenes, and what is the alternative?
Penicillin Alternative: Erythromycin
41
What other components of selective agar for the growth of S. pyogenes?
-SMZ (sulfamethoxazole)/ colistin -polymixin B
42
Key test of S. pyogenes
Bacitracin susceptibility (S) PYR hydrolysis (S)
43
What group of strep. has an acid-stable polysaccharide in cell wall.
Group B (S. agalactiae)
44
What is the significant component of Group B strep in their capsule?
Sialic acid
45
Other virulence factors of S. Agalactiae.
CAMP factor Hemolysin DNase Hyaluronidase Protease Neuraminidase
46
This strep. spp. Cause invasive disease in newborn.
Group B strep. (S. agalactiae)
47
Two clinical syndromes associated with neonatal GBS.
Early-onset infection(<7 days) Late-onset infection (7days-3months)
48
Manifestation of Early-onset infection.
Pneumonia and sepsis
49
Manifestation of late-onset infection
Meningitis and sepsis
50
In adult, S. agalactiae affects two type of patients. What are they?
1. Young, previously healthy woman who become ill after childbirth or abortion. 2. Elder person with serious underlying disease or immunodeficiency.
51
Drug of choice for GBS is__.
Penicillin
52
Biochemical test of GBS.
-Hippurate hydrolysis (+) - CAMP test (+)
53
What broth is recommended for detection of GBS in pregnant women?
Todd-Hewitt broth
54
Type of broth used in identification of GBS that turns orange/red if positive.
StrepB Carrot Broth
55
Large colony forming beta hemolysis belongs to___.
S. dysagalactiae subsp. equisimilis
56
Small-colony-forming beta hemolytic is ___.
Strep. anginosus
57
What antigen does S. pneumoniae contains?
C substance
58
A B-globulin in human serum called ___, reacts with C substance to produce precipitate.
C-reactive protein (CRP)
59
How many capsular types does S. pneumoniae have?
90 capsular types
60
What test can identify S. pneumoniae? the presence of this antisera makes the capsule swell called ___ rxn.
- Neufield test - Quellung rxn.
61
Significant virulence factor of S. pneumoniae.
Capsular polysaccharide
62
All are toxins produced by S. pneumoniae except __. A. IgA protease B. Nueraminidase C. Streptokinase D. Hyaluronidase
C.
63
T or F S. pneumoniae is the major cause of bacterial pneumonia.
True
64
T or F Bacterial pneumonia is usually in children.
False- elderly persons with underlying disease.
65
Which is not a clin. Infections of S. pneumoniae? A. Mrnigitis B. Otitis media C. Sinusitis D. Cellulitis
D
66
What are the 3 pneumococcal vaccines?
- Heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vacccine (PCV7) - (PCV13) - 23-valent vaccine (PS23)
67
Pneumococcal vaccine for children.
PCV7
68
Pneumococcal vaccine for adults.
PS23
69
Characteristics of S. pneumoniae
- The end of the cell is slightly pointed (lancet shape or oval) - diplococci
70
All are media for S. pneumoniae except what? A. Brain-heart infusion agar B. MAC C. TSA with 5% SRBCs D. CHOC
B.
71
Characteristics of young and old culture of S. pneumoniae.
Young= round, glistering, wet, mucoid, doomed shaped Old= appearanc off a coin with a raised rim (collapse of each colony's center)
72
The colonies are closely resemble to viridans strep.
S. pneumoniae
73
Biochem test for Identifying S. pneumoniae.
- Optochin susceptibility (S) - Bile solubility test (soluble)
74
Drug of choice for S. pneumoniae.
Penicillin If resistant to Penicillin used: Erythromycin or chloramphenicol
75
Aside from penicillin, what other classes of drugs is S. pneumoniae resistant?
B-lactams Macrolides Tetracyclines
76
What are the different groups of Strep. vridans?
S. mitis group S. mutans group S. salivarius group S. bovis group S. anginosus group
77
What are the possible lancefield group of S. anginosus group
Group A, C, F, G, N
78
T or F both S. bovis and Enterococcus are positive bile esculin
True
79
T or F Enterococcal organisms can not grow in nutrient media with 6.5% NaCl.
False- nonenterococcal
80
They are the common cause of subacute bacterial endocarditis
Viridans streptococci
81
What oral infection is cause by Viridans streptococci?
Gingivitis Dental caries (cavities)
82
____ is the most commonly isolated among viridans strep. They are the primary contributor to dental cavities.
S. mutans
83
Most significant virulence factor of Viridans strep.
Polysaccharide capsule and cytolysin
84
T or F Group C and G posses M protein
True
85
T or F All Viridans strep. are PYR (+) and LAP (-)
False PYR(-) LAP(+)
86
The common identified species of Enterococcus in clinical specimens are___.
E. faecalis E. faecium
87
T or F Enterococci has the ability to grow in extreme environment
True
88
T or F 1. Enterococcus are susceptible to most multiple antibiotics.
False- they are resistant
89
Which is/are not virulence factors of Enterococcus faecalis? A. Extracellular surface adhesin protein B. Extracellular serine protease C. Gelatinase D. Cytolisin E. Hyaluronidase
E.
90
The most common infection by Enterococcus.
-UTI - (2nd) Bacteremia
91
Which is not true about the identification of Enterococcus? A. Identify through the production of acid. B. Ability to hydrolyze argine C. Ability to release enzyme D. Motility
C
92
E. faecalis is easily identified because of their ability to grow in the presence of ___
Tellurite
93
Which drugs is/are Enterococcus are resistant? A. B-lactams B. Aminoglycosides C. Glycopeptides D. Vancomycin
All of the above
94
They are formly know as the nutritional variant of strep.
Abiotrophia and Granulicatella
95
Abiotrophia and Granulicatella require ___ to grow
Sulhydryl compounds
96
Classified as Group N in Lancefield system
Lactococcus

BACTE LEC (LESSON 15) (3 decks)

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