Close Relationships

Question 1

What is a relationship?

Answer 1

Two people that have a mutual influence on each other and are interdependent.

Question 2

What is a close relationship?

Answer 2

A relationship where there is frequent interaction over a long period of time, many different kinds of activities and events are shared, the influence on each other is strong, and strong emotions are aroused.

Question 3

Profits in a relationship

Answer 3

The rewards minus the costs in a relationship

Question 4

Norm of Reciprocity

Answer 4

When we receive rewards, we’re expected to return them. Also, when someone reveals something personal, we feel obligated to reply with a comparable disclosure.

Question 5

Comparison Level

Answer 5

The baseline for what we feel we deserve. We evaluate our relationships based on past experiences and what we know about relationships from other sources.

Question 6

Comparison Level Alt

Answer 6

Evaluating our relationships based on how our relationship compares to others that are currently available to us.

Question 7

Equity Theory

Answer 7

Coordinates outcomes in regard to concerns with fairness in relationships. Each person’s profits are proportional to their contributions.

Question 8

Conflict

Answer 8

A process that occurs when the actions of one member of the relationship interfere with the actions of the other.

Question 9

Common Approaches to Resolve Conflict

Answer 9

1. Voice, 2. Loyalty, 3. Neglect, 4. Exit.

Question 10

(1)Voice

Answer 10

When couples voice their problems and try to compromise.

Question 11

(2)Loyalty

Answer 11

A passive approach to problem-solving in which couples wait until the problem passes and hope things get better with time.

Question 12

(3)Neglect

Answer 12

Partners spend less time with or ignore each other.

Question 13

(4)Exit

Answer 13

When the relationship ends.

Question 14

Constructive Approach

Answer 14

Resolving conflict through either voice or loyalty. Couples tend to continue their relationships.

Question 15

Destructive Approach

Answer 15

Resolving conflict through either neglect or exit. Couples tend to end their relationships.

Question 16

Self-disclosure

Answer 16

Sharing personal information and intimate feelings with another person.

Question 17

Risk of Disclosure

Answer 17

Indifference, rejection, loss of control, and betrayal.

Question 18

3 Major Themes of Love

Answer 18

Attachment, caring, trust & self-disclosure…caring is most important to being in love.

Question 19

Passionate Love

Answer 19

Emotions are central, it involves uncontrollable passions, and there is a preoccupation with the other person. This type of love can strike very suddenly but fade very quickly.

Question 20

Companionate Love

Answer 20

A practical type of love, in which emotions are moderate. Affection and warmth are emphasized. This is the basis for enduring relationships.

Question 21

Paradox of Choice

Answer 21

Affects whom we like, whom we choose, and whether we stay; includes aspects such as proximity, similarity, reciprocity, competence, and physical attractiveness.

Question 22

Gain-Loss Theory

Answer 22

Increases in positive, rewarding behavior from another person have more impact on us than does constantly rewarding behavior; losses in positive behavior have more impact than constant negative behavior from another person.

Question 23

Gain Situation in Gain-Loss Theory

Answer 23

A person begins by disliking you and gradually comes to like you more.

Question 24

Loss Situation in Gain-Loss Theory

Answer 24

A person begins by liking you and gradually begins to dislike you.

Question 25

Exchange Relationships

Answer 25

The people involved are concerned about reciprocity and making sure that some sort of equity is achieved and that there is fairness in the distribution of the rewards and costs to each of the partners.

Question 26

Communal Relationships

Answer 26

One in which neither of the partners is keeping score. Rather, the person will be inclined to give in response to the other’s need and will readily receive the same kind of care when he or she is feeling needy.

Question 27

Secure Attachment

Answer 27

is characterized by rarely being jealous or worried about rejection; securely attached lovers are more compassionate and helpful and quicker to understand and forgive.

Question 28

Anxious Attachment

Answer 28

Characterized by agitation about the relationship; anxiously attached lovers want to be close but worry that their partners will leave them.

Question 29

Avoidant People

Answer 29

Tend to distrust and often avoid intimate attachments altogether; if in a relationship, tend to be distant.

Question 30

The Porcupine’s Dilemma

Answer 30

The desire to achieve deep intimacy while remaining invulnerable to hurt.

Question 31

Authenticity

Answer 31

Ability to give up trying to make a good impression and begin to reveal honest things about ourselves.

Question 32

Straight Talk

Answer 32

A person’s clear statement of his or her feelings and concerns without accusing, blaming, judging, or ridiculing the other person.