Clotting Cascade Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

How does the extrinsic clotting cascade begin?

A

When endothelial cells become damaged, they release a tissue factor/thromboplastin (Clotting factor 3a) that activates Clotting Factor 7–> CF 7a.

*** CF 7a will then activate CF 10 to CF10a

CF10a is a part of the common clotting cascade then

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2
Q

What is the route of intrinsic clotting factor activation?

A

CF 12–> CF12a which then activates CF11 –> CF11A this then converts CF11A to CF 9A (8–> 8a HERE). CF9A then converts
CF10–> CF10A (CF 5–> CF5A HERE)

This will then enter into the common clotting cascade***

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3
Q

What is the common clotting cascade and what is the role of clotting factor 10a here?

A

10A will convert CF2–> CF2A (Prothrombin–> Thrombin)

CF2A will then convert CF1–> CF1A (Fibrinogen–> Fibrin)

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4
Q

What is Heparin Sulfate?

A

Heparin Sulfate is a surface protein that activates ANTI-THROMBIN PROTEIN which makes sure that the CF 3 will be inactivated!

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5
Q

What is the role of Aspirin?

A

Aspirin inhibits cyclic oxygenase which converts Arachidonic Acid–> Thrombaxane A3. Because of this, the stopping of this decreases the clotting cascade and activation of the platelet plug formation.

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6
Q

What is the role of warfarin in clotting cascade prevention?

A

Warfarin inhibits a key enzyme in the formation of Vitamin K. This enzyme is epoxide hydrolase/reductase enzyme.

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7
Q

Which clotting factors are necessary to form with Vitamin K?

A

Factors 2, 7, 9, 10 and Protein C and S

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8
Q

Which warfarin isoform is faster in producing a respons? S-warfarin or R-warfarin?

A

S- warfarin is 2-5x more faster in producing an anticoagulant response

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9
Q

What factor deficiency is associated with Hemophilia A?

A

Clotting Factor 8

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10
Q

If abnormal PT time, what cascade is effected?

A

Extrinsic Cascade (3a, 7a, 10)

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11
Q

If abnormal PTT time, which cascade is effected?

A

Intrinsic Cascade (12, 11, 9+8 , 10+5)

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12
Q

Clotting factors associated with Vitamin K are related to Deep Vein Thrombosis. Which factors are these?

A

CF 2, CF 7, CF 9, CF 10, Protein C & Protein S

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