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Spring 2024 > CMAP > Flashcards

CMAP Flashcards

1
Q

Clock

A

Frequency timings that is processed by the CPU. these timings can be differentiated for buses

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2
Q

SCSI

A

Small computer system interface: Legacy parallel bus: supporting 320 MBps.
devices must be configures with identifier 0-15

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3
Q

Where is SCSI found

A

SAS interfaces for enterprise-class storage devices

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4
Q

IDE

A

integrated drive electronics: legacy mass storage interface using PATA (parallel advanced technology attachment)

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5
Q

Adaptor cable

A

cable that carries at least two connectors for different devices

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6
Q

DC

A

direct current converted from AC drawn from the wall.

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7
Q

What types of VAC (volts of alternating current) are there

A

Low-line 120 VAC US : High-line 220-240 VAC UK.
PSU will be marked which can be used unless specified auto-switching

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8
Q

Wattage rating

A

ensure the wattage amount and efficiency of power pulled to use

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9
Q

Wire Volts: yellow, red, orange, black

A

12, 5, 3.3, ground

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10
Q

What CPU fan components regulate heat

A

Heat sink: applying cooling via convection.
Thermal paste: ensure best transfer of heat.

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11
Q

SSD

A

Solid-state drive: smaller then HD using flash memory
SLC most reliable
contain slot keys noticable on m.2 adptors: B usually, and m, B/M

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12
Q

Advanced host controller interface (AHCI)

A

allows SATA modern ssd to communicate over the PCIe bus improving performance

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13
Q

NVMe

A

non-volatile memory express: the bus PCIe based SSD’s use

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14
Q

HDD

A

hard disk drive: contains plater, spindle, read/write head and actuator.

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15
Q

how is HDD drives speed measured

A

high perfomrance 15k or 10k rpm
low medium 7.2k or 5.4k rpm

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16
Q

what is involved with RAID 0

A

Striping: splitting data into independent disks improving performance but no redundancy

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17
Q

what is RAID 1

A

mirroring: only boosting performance a little bit but copies date to each independent disk identically.

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18
Q

what is RAID 5

A

Stripping with parity: requiring 3 or more disks but using more increases chance of fault, and repairing a disk with parity bit slow performance

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19
Q

What is RAID 10

A

stripe with mirror: independent volumes containing drives, two volumes receive split data and disk in the volume copy each other in the volume

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20
Q

NAS

A

network attached storage: connects directly to network rather than pc. assist in file servers

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21
Q

DRM

A

digital rights management found on DvD and blue-ray but also manages region coding.

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22
Q

Virtual RAM

A

storage assigned by the OS to store temporary information to free up space to retrieve when needed; otherwise know as swap space

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23
Q

what does Synchronus DRAM do

A

SDRAM syncs its speeds to the motherboards clock

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24
Q

what does Double Data Rate SDRAM do

A

makes 2 transfers per clock cycle on motherboard

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25
Q

How to determine peek transfer rate in RAM

A

MT/s * 8 bytes = MBps / 100 = GBps

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26
Q

what happens if the full memory module is not installed in tri/quad channels

A

channel will be not recognized and will revert back to what are populated

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27
Q

UDIMMS

A

Un-buffed Ram modules, traditional but differ from ECC although they can contain ECC but wont work in environment that use RDIMMS (registered)
ECC require 72-bit bus from motherboard and additional CPU chip.

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28
Q

ARM

A

Advanced RISC Machines: using SoC (system on chip) where all controllers are apart of the CPU.

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29
Q

PGA & LGA

A

CPU socket form fators
pin grid array
land grid array

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30
Q

Server CPUs chip sets

A

Intal Xeon and AMD Epyc

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31
Q

HDD sizes

A

PC 3.5 in
laptops 2.5 in with varied heights 17, 9.5, 7, 5 mm

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32
Q

memory cards speeds

A

UHS 1 108 MBps -
2 156 MBps full or 312 (FD)half duplex -
3 312 MBps full or 624 (FD)half duplex

33
Q

memory card storage SD, SDHC, SDXC

A

2GB, 32GB, 2TB

34
Q

Lighting Connector

A

Apple proprietary connector

35
Q

Thunderbolt

A

similar to DisplayP: can support display interfaces up to 20 Gbps. similar interface a USB-C

36
Q

USB

A

Universal serial bus, in theory can connect to 127 devices er controller

37
Q

HDMI Premium and Ulta speeds and DisplayP

A

Premium: up to 18 Gbps
Ultra: up to 48 Gbps
DisplayP: up to 20 Gbps

38
Q

LCD

A

liquid crystal display and thin film transistor type

39
Q

FPS vs Hz

A

frames per sec refers to the video source.
Hertz is refresh rate.
Both should be equal or fps divisible by 2 based off Hz

40
Q

what is the trouble shooting methodology?

A
  1. Identify the problem
  2. Establish a theory or probable cause
  3. Test the theory to determine the cause
  4. Establish a plan of action to resolve the problem and implement solution
    5.Verify full-system functionality; (if possible), implement preventative measures
    6.Document findings, actions, and outcomes.
41
Q

Secure boot

A

UEFI feature: computer firmware is configured with cryptographic keys to identify trusted code of the OS vendor. Keeping track of boot loaders modified with malware will no permissions.

42
Q

crypto graphic process

A

A secure hash using unique code from generated input. Comparing hashes to verify similarity, but original data cannot be recovered.

43
Q

TPM

A

Trust Platform Module: Coded as a unique unchangeable key (endorsement key). A motherboard chip that stores digital certificates, cryptographic keys, and hash passwords.

44
Q

HSM

A

Hardware security module: device like USB functions as the TPS’s store for cryptographic material. Requires authentication to access contents.

45
Q

POST

A

power-on self-test: diagnostic program implemented in system firmware

46
Q

IBM PC Code: “1 short beep”

A

normal POST - system okay

47
Q

IBM PC Code: “2 short beeps”

A

POST error -error shown on screen

48
Q

IBM PC Code: “no beep”

A

Modern PC’s are configure to boot silently, but could mean Power supply, motherboard problem, or faulty on board speaker.

49
Q

IBM PC Code: “Continuous beep”

A

Problem with system memory modules or memory controller.

50
Q

IBM PC Code: “Repeating short beeps”

A

Power supply fault or motherboard problem

51
Q

IBM PC Code: “1 long, 1 short beep”

A

Motherboard problem

52
Q

IBM PC Code: “1 long, 2 or 3 short beeps”

A

Video adaptor error

53
Q

IBM PC Code: “3 long beeps”

A

Keyboard issues (check key is not depressed)

54
Q

SMART

A

Self-monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting technology: can alert OS of failures. can run advanced diagnostics. can report IOPS statistics.

55
Q

RTC

A

Real time clock chipset. keeps track of date and time with battery power.

56
Q

What ethernet standard are LANs based on?

A

802.3 ethernet: over copper cabling
100BASE-T -Fast ethernet 100MB
1000BASE-T -Gigabit ethernet 1000MB
10GBASE-T -10G

57
Q

What standard is used over WLAN?

A

IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi):

58
Q

SAN

A

storage area network: provisioning storage devices for server application not accessible by client PC’s.
Use connectivity such as Fiber and internet SCSI

59
Q

Hub

A

legacy network device utilizing 10BASE-T and 100BASE-T ethernet cabling. all devices receive traffic referring to it as a collision domain.

60
Q

managed vs unmanaged switch

A

unmanaged switch carries out its function will no need of configuration.
managed switches, can connect over a management port and configure security settings.

61
Q

Power over ethernet standards

A

802.3af: 13W - 15.4 with V drop at 100m
802.3at: [PoE+] 25W draws (current 600mA)
802.3bt: [PoE++ or 4PPoE] 51W T3 73W T4

62
Q

Power injector

A

Device provides PoE via a port connection to a switch that doesn’t supply it.

63
Q

why must STP cables be bonded

A

to prevent the metal from acting as a large antenna.

64
Q

Twisted pair cable speeds and Cat

A

CAT:
5 -100 Mbps 100m
5e - 1Gbps 100m
6 - 1G 100m or 10G 55m
6A - 10Gbps 100m

65
Q

Network Tap

A

intercepts signals over cabling.
passive TAP intercepts all signals regardless of integrity
Active TAP power to receive complex Gb signals pTAP cant.

66
Q

Plenum cabling

A

Cabling uses treated PVC.
General non-plenum cabling uses PVC jack and insolation

67
Q

OSP (Outside Plant) cables types

A

Aerial cable: strung between two poles or anchors.
Direct burial: laid and then covered in earth or cement
Conduit: provide more protection for buried cables.

68
Q

2.4GHz

A

Wi-Fi frequency band better going through solid surfaces but can be congested with other wireless tech and interference with microwaves.

69
Q

802.11a

A

5GHz frequency only. Rate of 54Mbps divided into 23 non-overlapping channels

70
Q

DFS

A

dynamic frequency selection: introduced with IEEE 802.11a preventing interference with radar signals.

71
Q

IEEE 802.11b

A

2.4 GHz frequency band released with but inferior to .11a with 14 channels.

72
Q

IEEE 802.11g

A

upgrades 802.11b to 54 Mbps and same channels.

73
Q

IEEE 802.11n

A

uses both frequencies over an AP called “dual band” and cheaper adapters. allows channel bonding combining 2 20 MHz channels to a single 40.

74
Q

IEEE 802.11n

A

implements multiplexing - MIMO (multiple input multiple output) - referred to as Wi-Fi 4

75
Q

decibel units (dB)

A

Signal strength measurement. value -65 dBm good signal less than -80 is suffering packet loss or drops.

76
Q

long-range fixed wireless : LRFW

A

Bridges 2 networks via a wireless connection without laying cable.
if licensed by FCC, interference sources discovered can remove or shut them down legally.

77
Q

LRFW: Point-to-Point

A

use 2 ground-based “high-gain” (directional) transmits up to 30 miles requiring minimal obstruction if physical objects.

78
Q

RFID

A

radio frequency ID

79
Q

NFC

A

Near Field Communications.

Spring 2024 (8 decks)

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