CN I-XII Everything Flashcards
(127 cards)
1
Q
Olfactory Nerve general function
A
Special sensory - smell
2
Q
Olfactory Nerve origin
A
Forebrain (Cerebral hemispheres - telencephalon)
3
Q
Olfactory Nerve distribution
A
Olfactory mucosa of nose (olfactory epithelium)
4
Q
Optic Nerve general function
A
Special sensory - sight
5
Q
Optic Nerve origin
A
Forebrain (diencephalon)
6
Q
Optic Nerve distribution
A
Retina of eye
7
Q
Oculomotor Nerve somatic motor distribution
A
Motor: Superior, Inferior, and Medial recti, inferior oblique, and levator palpebrae superioris
8
Q
Olfactory Nerve cranial exit
A
Foramina in cribriform plate of ethmoid bone
9
Q
Olfactory Nerve cell body location
A
olfactory cells of olfactory epithelium
10
Q
Optic Nerve cranial exit
A
Optic canal
11
Q
Optic Nerve cell body location
A
ganglion cells of retina
12
Q
Oculomotor Nerve origin
A
Midbrain (mesencephalon)
13
Q
Oculomotor Nerve distribution
A
Superior, medial, and inferior recti, levator palpebrae superioris, inferior oblique muscles;
parasympathetic innervation of sphincter pupillae and ciliary muscles
14
Q
Oculomotor Nerve cranial exit
A
Superior orbital fissure
15
Q
Oculomotor Nerve cell body location
A
Somatic motor - midbrain
Visceral motor - Presynaptic from midbrain, postsynaptic at ciliary ganglion
16
Q
Trochlear Nerve Origin
A
Midbrain (emerges dorsally, only cranial nerve to do so)
17
Q
Trochlear Nerve cranial exit
A
Superior orbital fissure
18
Q
Trochlear Nerve cell body location
A
Midbrain
19
Q
Trochlear Nerve function and distribution
A
Somatic Motor - superior oblique (extra-ocular muscle)
20
Q
Trigeminal Nerve origin
A
Brainstem (Pons - metencephalon)
21
Q
Trigeminal Nerve general function
A
Somatic Motor and Somatic Sensory
22
Q
Trigeminal Main Branches
A
Opthalmic (V1)
Maxillary (V2)
Mandibular (V3)
23
Q
Opthalmic Nerve general function
A
Somatic sensory
24
Q
Opthalmic Nerve cell body location
A
Trigeminal ganglion
25
Opthalmic Nerve cranial exit
Superior orbital fissure
26
Opthalmic Nerve distribution
Sensation from cornea, skin of forehead, scalp, eyelids, nose, and mucosa of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses
27
Maxillary Nerve general function
Somatic sensory
28
Maxillary Nerve cell body location
Trigeminal ganglion
29
Maxillary Nerve cranial exit
Foramen rotundum
30
Maxillary Nerve distribution
Sensation from skin of face over maxilla, including upper lip, maxillary teeth, mucosa of nose, maxillary sinuses, and palate
31
Mandibular Nerve general function
Somatic sensory and somatic motor
32
Mandibular Nerve sensory cell body location
Trigeminal ganglion
33
Mandibular Nerve cranial exit
Foramen ovale
34
Mandibular Nerve sensory distribution
Sensation from skin of face overlying mandible including lower lip, mandibular teeth,temporomandibular joint, mucosa of mouth and anterior two thirds of tongue
35
Mandibular Nerve motor cell body location
pons
36
Mandibular Nerve motor distribution
Muscles of mastication, mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric, tensor veli palatini, and tensor tympani
37
Abducens Nerve origin
Brainstem (junction betwen pons and medulla)
38
Abducens Nerve cranial exit
Superior orbital fissure
39
Abducens Nerve cell body location
Pons
40
Abducens Nerve general function
somatic motor
41
Abducens Nerve distribution
Lateral rectus muscle
42
Facial Nerve origin
Brainstem (junction between pons and medulla)
43
Facial Nerve general function
somatic and visceral motor, special and general sensory
44
Facial Nerve somatic motor cell body location
pons
45
Facial Nerve somatic motor distribution
Motor to muscles of facial expression and scalp; also supplies stapedius of middle ear, stylohyoid, and posterior belly of digastric
46
Vestibulocochlear Nerve origin
Brainstem (Junction between pons and medulla)
47
Vestibulocochlear Nerve general function
Special sensory
48
Vestibulocochlear Nerve cranial exit
Internal acoustic meatus
49
Vestibulocochlear Nerve branches
Vestibular and Cochlear
50
Vestibular Nerve cell body location
Vestibular ganglion
51
Cochlear Nerve cell body location
Spiral ganglion
52
Vestibular Nerve distribution
Vestibular sensation from semicircular ducts, utricle, and saccule related to position and movements of head
53
Cochlear Nerve distribution
Hearing from spiral organ
54
Glossopharyngeal Nerve origin
Brainstem (Medulla - myelencephalon)
55
Glossopharyngeal Nerve general function
Somatic, visceral, and special sensory
| Somatic and visceral motor
56
Glossopharyngeal Nerve somatic motor cell body location
Medulla
57
Glossopharyngeal Nerve visceral motor cell body locations
Presynaptic - medulla; postsynaptic - otic ganglion
58
Glossopharyngeal Nerve visceral sensory cell body location
Superior ganglion
59
Glossopharyngeal Nerve special sensory cell body location
Inferior ganglion
60
Glossopharyngeal Nerve somatic sensory cell body location
Inferior ganglion
61
Glossopharyngeal Nerve cranial exit
Jugular foramen
62
Glossopharyngeal Nerve somatic motor distribution
Motor to stylopharyngeus that assists with swallowing
63
Glossopharyngeal Nerve visceral motor distribution
Parasympathetic innervation to parotid gland
64
Glossopharyngeal Nerve visceral sensory distribution
Visceral sensation from parotid gland, carotid body and sinus, pharynx, and middle ear
65
Glossopharyngeal Nerve special sensory distribution
Taste from posterior third of tongue
66
Glossopharyngeal Nerve somatic sensory distribution
Cutaneous sensation from external ear
67
Accessory Nerve origin
Superior spinal cord (C1-C5/6)
68
Accessory Nerve cranial path
Enter cranium via foramen magnum, exit via jugular foramen
69
Accessory Nerve general function
somatic motor
70
Accessory Nerve cell body location
spinal cord
71
Accessory Nerve distribution
Motor to SCM and trapezius
72
Hypoglossal Nerve origin
Brainstem (Medulla - myelencephalon)
73
Hypoglossal Nerve general function
somatic motor
74
Hypoglossal Nerve cranial exit
Hypoglossal canal
75
Hypoglossal Nerve cell body location
Medulla
76
Hypoglossal Nerve distribution
Motor to intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of tongue (except palatoglossus)
77
Vagus Nerve origin
Brainstem (Medulla - myelencephalon)
78
Vagus Nerve general function
Somatic, visceral, and special sensory (taste)
| Somatic and visceral motor
79
Vagus Nerve cranial exit
Jugular foramen
80
Vagus Nerve somatic motor cell body location
Medulla
81
Vagus Nerve visceral motor presynaptic cell body location
Medulla
82
Vagus Nerve visceral motor postsynaptic cell body location
Neurons in, on, or near viscera
83
Vagus Nerve visceral sensory cell body location
Inferior ganglion
84
Vagus Nerve special sensory cell body location
Inferior ganglion
85
Vagus Nerve somatic sensory cell body location
Superior ganglion
86
Vagus Nerve somatic motor distribution
Motor to muscles of pharynx (except stylopharyngeus), intrinsic muscles of larynx, muscles of palate (except tensor veli palatini), and striated muscle in superior two thirds of esophagus
87
Vagus Nerve visceral motor distribution
Parasympathetic innervation to smooth muscle and glands of trachea, bronchi, digestive tract, coronary arteries, and nodes of conduction system of heart
88
Vagus Nerve visceral sensory distribution
Visceral sensation from base of tongue, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, heart, esophagus, stomach, and intestine to left colic flexure
89
Vagus Nerve special sensory distribution
Taste from epiglottis and palate
90
Vagus Nerve somatic sensory distribution
Sensation from auricle, external acoustic meatus, and dura mater of posterior cranial fossa
91
Facial Nerve special sensory cell body location
Geniculate ganglion
92
Facial Nerve special sensory distribution
Taste from anterior two thirds of tongue and palate
93
Facial Nerve cranial exit
Internal acoustic meatus; facial canal; stylomastoid foramen
94
Facial Nerve visceral motor presynaptic cell body location
pons
95
Facial Nerve visceral motor postsynaptic cell body location
pterygopalatine ganglion; submandibular ganglion
96
Facial Nerve visceral motor distribution
Parasympathetic innervation of submandibular and sublingual salivary glands, lacrimal gland, and glands of nose and palate
97
Suboccipital Nerve origin
Posterior ramus of spinal nerve C1
98
Suboccipital Nerve course
Runs between cranium and C1 vertebra to reach subocciptal triangle
99
Subocciptal Nerve distribution
Muscles of suboccipital triangle
100
Greater Occipital Nerve origin
Posterior ramus of spinal nerve C2
101
Greater Occipital Nerve course
Emerges inferior to obliquus capitis inferior and ascends to posterior scalp, penetrates Semispinalis capitis muscle
102
Greater Occipital Nerve distribution
Skin over neck and occipital bone
103
Lesser Occipital Nerve origin
Anterior rami of spinal nerves C2-C3
104
Lesser Occipital Nerve course
Passes directly to skin
105
Lesser Occipital Nerve distribution
Skin of superior posterolateral neck and scalp posterior to external ear
106
Great Auricular Nerve origin
C2-C3 (Cervical ganglion)
107
Great Auricular Nerve distribution
Sensory innervation of skin over parotid gland, mastoid process, and both surfaces of the outer ear.
108
Supraclavicular Nerves origin
C3-C4 spinal nerves
109
Origin of presynaptic parasympathetic fibers to the otic ganglion
Lesser Petrosal Nerve (branch of Glossopharyngeal, IX)
110
Cell bodies of parasympathetic fibers of the lesser petrosal nerve
Otic ganglion
111
Otic ganglion location
immediately below the foramen ovale in the infratemporal fossa
112
Otic ganglion parasympathetic distribution
parasympathetic innervation of the parotid gland
113
Origin of presynaptic parasympathetic fibers to the submandibular ganglion
Fibers from the superior salivatory nucleus of the Pons via the chorda tympani (facial, VII) and the lingual nerve (submandibular branch of trigeminal, V3)
114
Cell bodies of parasympathetic fibers of the chorda tympani and the lingual nerve
Submandibular ganglion
115
Submandibular ganglion location
above the deep portion of the submandibular gland, on the hyoglossus muscle, near the posterior border of the mylohyoid muscle
116
Submandibular ganglion parasympathetic distribution
parasympathetic innervation to the oral mucosa and the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands
117
Origin of presynaptic parasympathetic fibers to the pterygopalatine ganglion
Greater Petrosal nerve (branch of the facial nerve, VII)
118
Location of cell bodies of parasympathetic fibers in the nasopalatine nerve
Pterygopalatine ganglion
119
Pterygopalatine ganglion location
Pterygopalatine fossa near the sphenopalatine foramen
120
Pterygopalatine ganglion parasympathetic distribution
Lacrimal gland, paranasal sinuses, glands of the mucosa of the nasal cavity and pharynx, the gingiva, and the mucous membrane and glands of the hard palate
121
Origin of presynaptic parasympathetic fibers to the ciliary ganglion
Edinger-Westphal nucleus via the oculomotor nerve (III)
122
Location of cell bodies of parasympathetic fibers in the short ciliary nerves
Ciliary ganglion
123
Ciliary ganglion location
posterior orbit
124
Ciliary ganglion parasympathetic distribution
sphincter pupillae and ciliaris
125
Ciliary ganglion fiber types
parasympathetic: Edinger-Westphal to sphincter pupillae and ciliaris via short ciliary nerves
sympathetic: superior cervical ganglion (carotid plexus) to dilator pupillae, superior tarsal muscle, inferior tarsal muscle, and orbitalis via the short and long ciliary nerves
sensory: cornea, iris, and ciliary body via the short ciliary nerves to the nasociliary (branch of opthalmic, V1)
126
Pterygopalatine ganglion fiber types
parasympathetic: Greater Petrosal nerve (from facial, VII) to deep branches of trigeminal (V)
sympathetic: superior cervical ganglion (carotid plexus) to deep petrosal, to greater petrosal, to the nerve of the pterygoid canal, distributed to pterygopalatine nerve innervating blood vessels of nasal cavity, palate, and superior parts of pharynx
sensory: sphenopalatine branches of maxillary nerve (V2) passing directly to the palatine nerves
127
Submandibular ganglion fiber types
parasympathetic: Superior salivatory nucleus of the Pons via the chorda tympani and lingual nerve to oral mucosa and the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands
sympathetic: superior cervical ganglion (external carotid plexus) via the facial nerve
