CNA Flashcards
(186 cards)
1
Q
TID
A
Three times a day
2
Q
ISOL
A
isolation
3
Q
H A
A
hearing aid
4
Q
TPR
A
Temperature, Pulse, Respirations
5
Q
mL
A
milliliters
6
Q
PRN
A
as needed
7
Q
NPO
A
nothing by mouth
8
Q
Normal pulse Range
A
60-100
9
Q
normal respirations
A
12-20
10
Q
Surgical asepsis
A
Object is free of all microorganisms (sterilization)
11
Q
axillary
A
armpit
12
Q
ROM
A
Range of Motion
13
Q
1 CC is the same as…
A
1 mL
14
Q
Radial
A
Wrist
15
Q
Tympanic
A
Ear
16
Q
c/o
A
complains of
17
Q
IV
A
intravenous (within the vein)
18
Q
HIPPA
A
protects the privacy of health information
19
Q
How many CC’s in 1 oz.?
A
30
20
Q
Contracture
A
permanent and painful shortening of the muscle
21
Q
hypertension
A
high blood pressure
22
Q
palliative care
A
care that focuses on comfort and pain relief
23
Q
tachypnea
A
rapid breathing
24
Q
PPE
A
Personal Protective Equipment
25
Prosthesis
device that replaces a missing body part
26
Supine
flat on back
27
lateral
on the side
28
prone
on stomach
29
PROM
passive range of motion
30
QH
every hour
31
w/c
wheelchair
32
Indirect care closing
Tidy up, lower bed/ give call light, ensure comfort, wash hands and document
33
DNR
do not resuscitate
34
I&O
input and output
35
STAT
immediately
36
Amb
ambulation
37
BP
blood pressure
38
VS
vital signs
39
BM
bowel movement
40
meds
medications
41
inc
incontinent
42
DX
diagnosis
43
BID
twice a day
44
ADL's
Activities of Daily living
45
health
a complete state of phys. mental, and social well-being, not just the absence of disease
46
wellness
successfully balancing things in everyday life
47
epidermis
top layer of your skin that is mostly dead cells
48
dermis
hair follicles and live cells
49
What is the largest organ in the body
the skin
50
What is the layer(s) of skin that is affected by a 1st degree (superficial) burn?
The epidermis (outer layer)
51
What is the layer(s) of skin that is affected by a 2nd degree (partial thickness) burn?
The Dermis (deeper layer)
52
What is the layer(s) of skin that is affected by 3rd degree (full thickness) burn?
Epidermis, dermis, and underlying tissue
53
What is another name for herpes zoster -- a viral infection that causes a painful rash
The shingles
54
Open wound
where the skin isn't intact
55
closed wound
internal bleeding or bruising but the skin is intact
56
Gangrene
Death of tissue
57
dermatitis
inflammation of the skin
58
cellulitis
infection of the skin that occurs when bacteria move deeper into the tissue
59
Psoriasis
A chronic skin condition in which cells of the skin grow too fast, causing red, white, or, silver patches
60
pressure ulcers
sores or wounds that result from skin deterioration and shearing
61
Stage 1 pressure ulcer
just epidermis
62
Stage 2 pressure ulcer
shallow crater (epidermis and dermis)
63
stage 3 pressure ulcer
all the way to the muscle
64
stage 4 pressure ulcer
all the way to the bone
65
larynx
voice box
66
epiglottis
Acts like a lid, shutting off the larynx during swallowing
67
inspiration
inhale
68
expiration
exhale
69
respiration
the process of breathing in and out
70
What is the optimal BP
120/80
71
hypertension
140/90 high blood pressure
72
hypotension
90/60 low blood pressure
73
capillary exchange
oxygen and nutrients move from the blood to the tissues while fluid and waste products move from the tissues to the blood
74
angina Pectoris
chest pain, pressure, or discomfort due to coronary artery disease
75
stable angina
chest pain, pressure, or discomfort due to activity and severe stress
76
unstable angina
chest pain, pressure, or discomfort while resting
77
dysphagia
difficulty swallowing
78
At what angle does a resident need to be to eat
90
79
who can order restraints?
only a doctor
80
restraint
a physical or chemical way to restrict voluntary movement or behavior
81
respiratory arrest
breathing stops
82
cardiac arrest
heart stops
83
what causes shock?
when organs or tissues in the body don't receive enough blood
84
myocardial infarction (MI)
heart attack
85
cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
stroke
86
transient ischemic attack (TIA)
a warning sign of a CVA
87
AMA
against medical advice
88
orthopnea
shortness of breath when lying down that is relieved by sitting up
89
circadian rhythm
24 hr day/ night cycle
90
open bed
one that is ready for the resident to sleep in
91
closed bed
a bed that is made up for the day
92
occupied bed
a bed that is occupied by a resident
93
what is the musculoskeletal system made up of ?
muscles, bones, joints, tendons and ligaments
94
atrophy
muscles waste away, decrease in size, and weaken
95
osteoporosis
a condition in which bones lose density, which causes them to be brittle and easily broken
96
shearing
rubbing or friction that results from the skin moving one way and the bone underneath it either remains still or moves in the opposite direction
97
dangle
To sit on the side of the bed with your feet down
98
hygiene
practices to keep the body clean
99
what does the endocrine system do?
regulates many important body functions
100
glands
organs that secrete or produce hormones
101
What to do during the event of a fire
Rescue
Alert
Contain
Extinguish
102
hormones
chemical substances created by the body that control body functions
103
what is the pituitary gland also called
the master gland
104
what is the function of the thyroid?
regulates metabolism and growth
105
adrenal glands
sit on top of your kidneys and secrete adrenaline (epinephrine), noradrenaline (norepinephrine), aldosterone, and cortisol
106
aldosterone
regulates the balance of sodium, potassium, and water
107
diabetes
a condition in which the pancreas either doesn't produce enough insulin
108
what's the most common form of diabetes that can occur at any age?
type 2
109
hypothyroidism
low thyroid hormones produced which causes the body processes to slow
110
hyperthyroidism
high amounts of thyroid hormones are produced which causes body processes to speed up
111
rehabilitation
to help the patient/resident reach a point where they can be the best that they can be
112
orthotic devices
keep the joints in the correct position, improve function, and prevent complications (like contractures)
113
Active ROM
ROM done by the resident themselves
114
Active-assisted ROM
ROM done by resident with some help
115
Passive ROM
ROM fully done by NA
116
pronation
turn downward
117
supination
turn upward
118
abduction
moving away from the body
119
adduction
moving toward the body
120
extension
Straightening
121
flexion
bending
122
dorsiflexion
bending backward
123
rotation
turning the joint
124
opposition
touching the thumb to any finger
125
nutrition
how the body uses food to maintain health
126
malnutrition
the lack of proper nutrition that results from insufficient food intake or improper diet
127
what is most essential for life
water
128
vitamins
substances that are needed by the body to function
129
restrict fluids (RF) order
the person is allowed to drink, but they are limited for the day as set by their doctor
130
cells
the basic structural unit
131
tissues are made up of...
groups of cells
132
organs are made up of...
groups of tissues
133
anatomy
the study of the body structure
134
physiology
looks at how the body parts function
135
peristalsis
muscular contractions that move food toward the stomach
136
what is healthy stool look like?
brown in color, with the consistency being soft, moist, and formed
137
bowel elimination
the physical process of releasing or emptying the colon or large intestine of stool or feces
138
what position should the bed be in when a resident is using a bedpan?
the head of the bed should be raised
139
what's the best position for bowel elimination
squatting down and leaning forward
140
portable or bedside commode
used for people who can get out of the bed but can't walk to the bathroom
141
specimen
a sample used for analysis and diagnosis
142
occult
hidden
143
micturition or voiding
urinating
144
what does the nervous system do?
controls and coordinates all body functions
145
central nervous system
brain and spinal cord
146
neuron
the basic working unit of the nervous system
147
peripheral nervous system
the nerves connected attached to the spinal cord
148
which part of the brain controls the right side of the body
the left side of the brain
149
which part of the brain controls the left side of the body
the right side of the brain
150
iris
the colored part of the eye
151
what does the nervous system do?
controls and coordinates all body functions
152
ossicles
the bone in the middle of the ear that picks up the vibrations and sends impulses to the brain
153
neuron
the basic working unit of the nervous system
154
peripheral nervous system
the nerves connected attached to the spinal cord
155
which part of the brain controls the right side of the body
the left side of the brain
156
which part of the brain controls the left side of the body
the right side of the brain
157
iris
the colored part of the eye
158
pupil
the black part of the eye that constricts to allow the proper amount of light in the eye to see
159
ossicles
the bone in the middle of the ear that picks up the vibrations and sends impulses to the brain
160
clinical depression
type of mental illness that causes withdrawal, lack of energy, intense sadness, pain, fatigue, apathy, weight loss/gain, insomnia, irritability, and feelings of worthlessness
161
progressive disease
the disease gets worse with time
162
paraplegia
paralyzed from the waist down
163
quadriplegia
paralyzed from the neck down
164
cognition
ability to think clearly and logically
165
dementia
serious loss of mental abilities
166
validation therapy
letting residents believe that they live in the past or imaginary circumstances
167
clinical depression
type of mental illness that causes withdrawal, lack of energy, intense sadness, pain, fatigue, apathy, weight loss/gain, insomnia, irritability, and feelings of worthlessness
168
What is the function of the immune system
it protects the body from harmful substances and bacteria
169
nonspecific immunity
present at birth-- the first defense in your body
170
specific immunity
acquired by the body-- against specific antibodies
171
lymphatic system
composed of the lymph, lymph vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus gland
172
a most common symptom of AIDS
flu-like symptoms
173
malignant
cancerous (can spread)
174
benign
non-cancerous
175
metastasize
spreads to other areas of the body
176
biopsy
removal of a sample of tissue for examination and diagnosis
177
subacute setting
for people who need more care than a normal long term facility can provide
178
Good Oxygen level
greater than 94%
179
telemetry
the application of a cardiac monitoring device that transmits information about the heart's rhythm and rate to computer screens
180
nasogastric (NG) tube
inserted into the nose, down the back of the throat, through the esophagus and into the stomach
181
palliative care
the goal is to control symptoms and manage pain
182
hospice
less than six months to live
183
List the 5 stages of Grief
1. Denial
2. Anger
3. Bargaining
4. Depression
5. Acceptance
184
List the 5 rights of a resident
1. Visitors
2. Privacy
3. To be free from pain
4. Honest and accurate information
5. Refuse treatment
185
What is the last sense to fade before death?
hearing
186
postmortem care
care of the body after death
