CNA Chapter 6 Flashcards
(48 cards)
microorganisms found in human blood that can cause infection and disease.
Bloodborne pathogens
federal law requiring that healthcare facilities protect employees from bloodborne health hazards.
Bloodborne pathogen standard
an abbreviation for Clostridium difficile (formerly Clostridium difficile); a bacterium that is spread by spores in feces that are difficult to kill; it causes symptoms such as diarrhea and nausea and can lead to serious inflammation of the colon (colitis).
c-diff
to remove
doff
to put on
don
washing hands with either plain or antiseptic soap and water and using alcohol-based hand rubs.
Hand hygiene
an infection acquired within a healthcare setting during the delivery of medical care.
HAI
to keep something separate, or by itself.
isolate
an infection that is limited to a specific location in the body and has local symptoms.
localized infection
an abbreviation for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus; bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) that have developed resistance to the antibiotic methicillin.
MRSA
the membranes that line body cavities that open to the outside of the body, such as the linings of the mouth, nose, eyes, rectum, or genitals.
mucous membranes
microorganisms that are capable of causing infection and disease.
pathogens
equipment that helps protect employees from serious workplace injuries or illnesses resulting from contact with workplace hazards.
PPE
a method of infection prevention in which all blood, body fluids, non-intact skin, and mucous membranes are treated as if they were infected with an infectious disease.
standard precautions
an infection that is in the bloodstream and is spread throughout the body, causing general symptoms.
systemic infections
the way and means by which disease is spread.
transmission
List 5 signs and symptoms of a localized infection.
red,swollen,drainage,warm,pain
List 6 signs and symptoms of a systemic infection.
fever, chills, headache, change in vital signs, nausea
pathogenic microorganism that causes disease; includes bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites
Causative agent:
where the pathogen lives and multiplies; can be a human, an animal, a plant, soil, or a substance; blood and lungs are examples
reservoir
any opening on an infected person that allows pathogens to leave; examples include nose, mouth, eyes, or a cut in the skin
portal of exit
how the pathogen travels; examples are contact, droplet, and airborne; hands primary route in healthcare workers
mode of transmission
pathogens enter the human host; any body opening on an uninfected person that allows pathogens to enter; examples include nose, mouth, eyes, and other mucous membranes, cuts in the skin, cracked skin
portal of entry
uninfected person who could become ill; resistance to disease decreases (age, existing illnesses, fatigue, poor nutrition, lack of adequate fluid intake, certain medications, stress)
Susceptible host
