CNS Flashcards
(25 cards)
Sensory input
Gathering information to monitor changes occurring inside and outside the body
Integration
To process and interpret sensory input and decide if action is needed
Motor output
A response to integrated stimuli
-Activates muscles or glands
CNS
-Brain & Spinal Cord
PNS (Peripheral nervous system)
Nerves outside the brain and spinal cord
-Spinal nerves & Cranial nerves
Subdivisions = sensory & motor
Sensory (Afferent) division
-Nerve fibers that carry information to the CNS
Motor (Efferent) division
-Nerve fibers that carry impulses away from the CNS (Physical response)
Subdivisions = semantic & autonomic
Somatic (Afferent)
Your 5 Senses (voluntary)
-Skeletal muscular
Automatic
Heartbeat, blood pressure, respiration, perspiration, digestion (Involuntary)
-Smooth & cardiac muscle
-Glands
Subdivisions = sympathetic & parasympathetic
Sympathetic
“Fight or Flight”
-Releases adrenaline and noradrenaline (emotion)
-Increases heart rate, blood flow to skeletal muscles
-Inhibits digestive functions (slows down)
Parasympathetic
“Rest & digest”
-Calms body to conserve energy
-Lowers heartbeat, breathing rate, blood pressure
Somatic (Efferent)
Skeletal muscular (voluntary)
Myelin
Increases speed message
Multineuron
-Most common in humans and are a major type in the CNS
-Motor neuron
-Were integration happens (interneuron/association)
Bipolarneuron
-have two processes an axon and a dendrite that extend from opposite sides of the cell body.
-These rare neurons are found in some of the special sense & eye
Unipolarneuron
-One process extends from the cell body and
forms central and peripheral processes, which
together comprise an axon.
-In the rest of the body
Schwann cells
Forming myelin (PNS)
Satellite cells
Protects soma (cell body)
Microglia = small, phagocytes-dispose debris
Ependymal = like cilia, circulates CSF (Cerebrospinal fluid) lines the CNS cavities
Oligodendrocytes = produces myelin (CNS)
Grabs the capillaries)
Astrocytes = star like
-Supports/brace
-Controls brains environment
-Form barrier between capillaries and neurons
Reflex arc
- Sensory neuron = unipolar (Afferent pathway)
- CNS (spinal cord) Interneuron = multipolar neuron
- Motor neuron = multipolar neuron (Efferent pathway)
