CNS

Question 1

how many regions are there?

Answer 1

4

Question 2

name the regions

Answer 2

cerebral hemispheres
diencephalon
brain stem
cerebellum

Question 3

gray matter

Answer 3

nonmyelinated

Question 4

white matter

Answer 4

myelinated

Question 5

basic pattern

Answer 5

gray matter inside, white matter outside (opposite on cerebrum and cerebellum)

Question 6

number of ventricles

Answer 6

4

Question 7

ventricles are lined with

Answer 7

ependymal cells

Question 8

ventricles are filled with

Answer 8

cerebral spinal fluid

Question 9

how much mass do cerebral hemispheres take up?

Answer 9

83%

Question 10

gyri

Answer 10

ridge

Question 11

sulci

Answer 11

shallow grooves

Question 12

transverse

Answer 12

separates cerebellum from cerebrum

Question 13

fissures

Answer 13

deep grooves

Question 14

lobes

Answer 14

frontal
temporal
occipital
parietal
insula

Question 15

sulci divide the

Answer 15

lobes

Question 16

central sulcus divides

Answer 16

frontal and parietal

Question 17

parieto occipital sulcus

Answer 17

divides parietal and occipital lobe

Question 18

lateral sulcus

Answer 18

divides right and left hemispheres

Question 19

3 regions

Answer 19

cerebral cortex - of gray matter
white matter - internally
basal nuclei - deep within white matter

Question 20

the membrane must depolarize by

Answer 20

15 to 20 MV

Question 21

for the threshold, Na permeability

Answer 21

increases

Question 22

Na+ moves _____ K+ moves ______

Answer 22

in, out

Question 23

AP are self

Answer 23

propogating

Question 24

AP can only travel

Answer 24

in the forward direction

Question 25

CNS tells difference of weak and strong based on the

Answer 25

frequency of impulses

Question 26

refractory periods happen when a neuron cannot

Answer 26

trigger another action potential

Question 27

during a refractory period, voltage gated na+ channels are

Answer 27

open

Question 28

refractory periods enforce

Answer 28

one way transmission

Question 29

relative follows

Answer 29

absolute refractory period

Question 30

repolarizing is

Answer 30

occuring

Question 31

threshold is

Answer 31

elevated

Question 32

stimulus must be ______ to get a new AP

Answer 32

strong

Question 33

velocity

Answer 33

axon diameter degree of myelination continuous conduction

Question 34

continuous conduction

Answer 34

speed is slow

Question 35

saltatory conduction

Answer 35

only generated in gaps electrical signal jumps

Question 36

cerebral cortex is the site of the conscious mind meaning

Answer 36

awareness sensory reception voluntary motor initiation communication memory storage

Question 37

3 types of functional areas

Answer 37

motor sensory association

Question 38

motor

Answer 38

voluntary movement

Question 39

sensory

Answer 39

conscious awareness of sensation

Question 40

association

Answer 40

integrate diverse information

Question 41

lateralization can only occur

Answer 41

in one hemisphere

Question 42

conscious behavior involves how much of the brain

Answer 42

both hemispheres

Question 43

where are motor areas located

Answer 43

frontal lobe

Question 44

primary motor cortex

Answer 44

-located in the precentral gyrus -pyramidal cells allow precise control of muscle movement -tracts project down spinal chord

Question 45

premotor cortex

Answer 45

-helps plan movement -controls learned, repetitious or patterned motor skills -coordinates simultaneous or sequential actions

Question 46

brocas area

Answer 46

left hemisphere speech/speech production

Question 47

damage to areas of primary motor cortex results in

Answer 47

paralysis/strokes

Question 48

sensory areas occur in which lobes

Answer 48

temporal occipital parietal insular

Question 49

how many sensory areas are there

Answer 49

8

Question 50

primary visual area

Answer 50

-located at the posterior tip of the occipital lobe -receives visual info from retina

Question 51

primary somatosensory

Answer 51

-located in parietal lobe -sensory info from skin and proprioceptors - spacial discrimination - ID of body region being stimulated

Question 52

somatosensory association

Answer 52

-posterior to primary somatosensory cortex -integrates sensory input in order to understand object -determines what is being felt (junk drawer)

Question 53

visual association area

Answer 53

-INTERPRETS visual stimuli -complex PROCESSING

Question 54

auditory areas

Answer 54

located near temporal lobes interprets auditory info

Question 55

auditory association area

Answer 55

stores memories of sounds

Question 56

vestibular cortex

Answer 56

conscious awareness of balance

Question 57

olfactory cortex

Answer 57

smell

Question 58

gustatory cortex

Answer 58

taste

Question 59

visceral sensory cortex

Answer 59

internal organs - bellyache

Question 60

multimodal association areas

Answer 60

-receive input from multiple sensory areas -sends output to multiple areas -gives meaning and allows memory storage -sensations, thoughts, and emotions become conscious

Question 61

how could you disrupt a neuron?

Answer 61

if sodium channels do not open, sodium cannot get in therefore the neuron will not reach threshold, therefore no action potential will be sent and no message will be sent through the neuron