Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Medical Coding > Cns > Flashcards

Cns Flashcards

(59 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is the primary function of the nervous system?

A

The major controlling, regulatory, and communicating system in the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the two main systems responsible for regulating and maintaining homeostasis?

A
  • Nervous system
  • Endocrine system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What organs primarily compose the nervous system?

A
  • Brain
  • Spinal cord
  • Nerves
  • Blood vessels
  • Connective tissues
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the three general functions of the nervous system?

A
  • Sensory
  • Integrative
  • Motor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the information gathered by receptors in the internal environment called?

A

Sensory input

Sensory input includes variations in pressure, pH, carbon dioxide concentration, and electrolyte levels.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are electrical signals that sensory input is converted into?

A

Nerve impulses

Nerve impulses are transmitted to the brain for processing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the process called when the brain integrates sensory input to create sensations, thoughts, or memories?

A

Integration

Integration involves decision-making based on sensory input.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are muscles and glands referred to as in the context of the nervous system?

A

Effectors

Effectors cause an effect in response to signals from the nervous system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the output called when the nervous system sends signals to muscles and glands?

A

Motor output or motor function

Motor output results in muscle contraction and gland secretion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What type of tissue comprises the nervous system?

A

Nervous tissue

Nervous tissue includes parenchymal tissue (neurons) and stromal tissue (neuroglial cells).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the supporting cells in the nervous system called?

A

Neuroglial cells

Neuroglial cells help, protect, and nourish neurons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How do the numbers of neuroglial cells compare to neurons?

A

Five times more numerous

Neuroglial cells outnumber neurons significantly.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Are neuroglial cells excitable or non-excitable?

A

Non-excitable

Unlike neurons, neuroglial cells do not generate nerve impulses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name three types of neuroglial cells.

A
  • Astrocytes
  • Oligodendroglia
  • Microglia

Additional types include ependymal cells, Schwann cells, and satellite cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are astrocytes?

A

Star shaped cells responsible for transport of water and salts between capillaries and neurons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the function of oligodendroglia?

A

They form the myelin sheath that protects axons in the CNS.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What role do microglia play in the nervous system?

A

They are small cells that act as phagocytes, protecting neurons in response to inflammation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What do ependymal cells do?

A

They line membranes within the brain and spinal cord and have some structural function.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are Schwann cells also known as?

A

Neurilemma.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the primary function of Schwann cells?

A

They help form the myelin sheath around axons or nerve fibers in the PNS.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What do satellite cells do?

A

They cover and protect the cell bodies in ganglia and supply nutrients to surrounding neurons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Fill in the blank: Astrocytes are responsible for transport of water and salts between _______ and neurons.

A

capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

True or False: Oligodendroglia are found in the peripheral nervous system.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Fill in the blank: Microglia protect neurons in response to _______.

25
What are ependymal cells?
Ependymal cells are a type of neuroglia.
26
What are astrocytes?
Astrocytes are a type of neuroglia.
27
What is the blood-brain barrier?
The blood-brain barrier is a protective barrier between the blood and brain cells, regulated by neuroglial cells, especially astrocytes.
28
What are the types of neuroglia?
Types of neuroglia include: * Ependymal cells * Astrocytes * Oligodendrocytes * Microglia
29
What is the central nervous system (CNS)?
The central nervous system is the part of the nervous system that includes the brain and spinal cord.
30
What is a neuron?
A neuron is the basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system.
31
What are oligodendrocytes?
Oligodendrocytes are a type of neuroglia that provide support and insulation to axons in the CNS.
32
What are dendrites?
Dendrites are part of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons.
33
What are microglia?
Microglia are a type of neuroglia that act as immune cells in the CNS.
34
What is a nucleus in the context of the CNS?
A cluster of neurons in the CNS is called a nucleus.
35
What is a ganglion in the context of the PNS?
A cluster of neurons in the PNS is called a ganglion.
36
True or False: Millions of neurons work together by integrating impulses generated by sensory stimuli.
True
37
What is the commanding centre of the nervous system?
The brain ## Footnote The brain acts as the central command of the nervous system.
38
Where is the brain located?
In the cranial cavity guarded by the skull bones ## Footnote The brain is protected by the skull.
39
At what age does the brain attain its full size?
At the age of six years ## Footnote This indicates a significant period of growth in early childhood.
40
What is the average weight of an adult brain?
About 1.5 kg ## Footnote This is a typical weight for a fully developed adult brain.
41
What percentage of an adult's body weight does the brain represent?
2% ## Footnote Despite its small size relative to body weight, the brain has significant metabolic demands.
42
What percentage of the body's blood supply does the brain contain?
About 20% ## Footnote This high percentage is due to the brain's high oxygen requirement.
43
How quickly do brain cells begin to die without oxygen?
Within 3 or 4 minutes ## Footnote This emphasizes the critical need for oxygen in brain function.
44
What are the two main types of cells that make up the brain?
Neurons and neuroglial cells ## Footnote Neurons transmit signals, while neuroglial cells support them.
45
What is grey matter composed of?
A collection of cell bodies of neurons ## Footnote Grey matter is found on the surface of the brain.
46
What is white matter made up of?
Myelinated axons ## Footnote White matter is located in the inner portion of the brain.
47
Name the three main parts of the brain.
Forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain ## Footnote These parts are crucial for various brain functions.
48
What is the commanding centre of the nervous system?
The brain ## Footnote The brain acts as the central command of the nervous system.
49
Where is the brain located?
In the cranial cavity guarded by the skull bones ## Footnote The brain is protected by the skull.
50
At what age does the brain attain its full size?
At the age of six years ## Footnote This indicates a significant period of growth in early childhood.
51
What is the average weight of an adult brain?
About 1.5 kg ## Footnote This is a typical weight for a fully developed adult brain.
52
What percentage of an adult's body weight does the brain represent?
2% ## Footnote Despite its small size relative to body weight, the brain has significant metabolic demands.
53
What percentage of the body's blood supply does the brain contain?
About 20% ## Footnote This high percentage is due to the brain's high oxygen requirement.
54
How quickly do brain cells begin to die without oxygen?
Within 3 or 4 minutes ## Footnote This emphasizes the critical need for oxygen in brain function.
55
What are the two main types of cells that make up the brain?
Neurons and neuroglial cells ## Footnote Neurons transmit signals, while neuroglial cells support them.
56
What is grey matter composed of?
A collection of cell bodies of neurons ## Footnote Grey matter is found on the surface of the brain.
57
What is white matter made up of?
Myelinated axons ## Footnote White matter is located in the inner portion of the brain.
58
Name the three main parts of the brain.
Forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain ## Footnote These parts are crucial for various brain functions.
59
Frontal lobe function?
Problems solving Planning Cognition Body movement Speech

Medical Coding (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions