Cns

Question 1

What is the most common cause of metastasis to the lungs?

Answer 1

Breast cancer

Metastasis secondary to lungs > breast

Question 2

What is the most common primary CNS tumor?

Answer 2

Glioma

Most common primary CNS tumor - glioma > meningioma

Question 3

What is the most common primary CNS tumor in children?

Answer 3

Pilocytic astrocytoma

Question 4

What is the most common primary CNS tumor in adults?

Answer 4

Astrocytoma

Question 5

What is the most common primary malignant tumor of the brain in children?

Answer 5

Medulloblastoma

Question 6

What is the most common primary malignant tumor of the brain in adults?

Answer 6

Glioblastoma

Question 7

Histological findings of Pilocytic astrocytoma

Answer 7

Rosenthal fibres (eosinophilic corkscrew shaped inclusions)

Bipolar cells - GFAP+

Biphasic architecture

Eosinophilic granular bodies (mulberry like)

Question 8

Histological findings of medulloblastoma

Answer 8

Homer wright pseudorosettes ( with neutropil). (Central - khaali)

Sheets of small blue cells

Individual tumor cell - scanty cytoplasm and hyperchromatic nuclei (elongated or crescent shaped)

Question 9

Histological findings of Ependymoma

Answer 9

Peri vascular pseudorosettes

Ependymal rosettes

Question 10

Histological findings of Oligodendroglioma

Answer 10

Fried egg appearance

Chicken wire capillaries

Question 11

Histological findings of Retinoblastoma

Answer 11

Flexner winterstein rosettes

Homer wright rosettes

Small round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei

Fleurettes (lacking mitosis or necrosis )

Question 13

Turcot syndrome

Answer 13

Rare hereditary disorder char. By occurrence of primary tumors of COLON and CNS

Type of tm. In turcot syndrome -
1st- Childhood cerebellar medulloblastoma ( mutation in APC gene )
2nd- Glioma ( glioblastoma multiforme) (mismatch repair gene mutation)

Question 14

Common malignancy a/w familial carcinoma syndromes -
Gorlin
Lynch

Question 15

Structure involved in tonsillar herniation

Answer 15

Cerebellum

Tonsillar herniation - displacement of cerebellar tonsils through foramen magnum

It is life threatening as it causes brain stem compression and compromises vital respiratory and cardiac centres in the medulla

Question 16

M/C CNS neoplasm in immunosuppresed individuals

Answer 16

Primary CNS LYMPHOMA
(Maj. of them are of b cell origin)
Aggressive and worst outcome
EB Virus plays an important role in pathogenesis (Hiv related)

Question 17

Schwannoma biopsy findings -

Answer 17

Antoni A - hypercellular
Antoni B - hypocellular
Verocay bodies - nuclear free zones b/w nuclear palisading are known as Verocay bodies

Question 18

Primary intracerebral malignancies causing metastasis to SAH

Answer 18

Anaplastic astrocytoma
Glioblastoma
Medulloblastoma
Ependymoma
Pinealoblastoma
Oligodendroglioma