CNS

Question 1

Causes for loss of conciousness

Answer 1

hyponatraemia
aortic stenosis (syncope)
embolus (TIA)
hypoglycaemia

Question 2

where does the motor pathway in the lateral corticospinal tract cross over?

Answer 2

medullary pyramids

Question 3

where does the sensation for pain, temp and coarse touch in the lateral spinothalamic tract cross over?

Answer 3

spinal level

Question 4

where does the sensation for proprioception, pressure, fine touch and vibration in the Dorsal column cross over?

Answer 4

medulla

Question 5

cord transection: result

Answer 5

bilateral motor and sensory loss in all levels below

Question 6

cord transection: causes

Answer 6

fracture dislocation

metastatic disease compression

Question 7

brown-sequard lesion: damage

Answer 7

hemisection, unilateral damage to the spinal cord

Question 8

brown-sequard lesion: result

Answer 8

contralateral motor loss
contralateral vibration, proprioception, pressure and fine touch loss
ipsilateral coarse touch, pain and temperature loss

Question 9

anterior spinal cord lesion: cause

Answer 9

anterior spinal artery syndrome

Question 10

anterior spinal cord lesion: result

Answer 10

motor loss bilateral
pain, temperature and coarse touch lost bilaterally
proprioception, vibration, pressure and fine touch spared

Question 11

expanding cord lesion: cause

Answer 11

syringomyelia

Question 12

expanding cord lesion: result

Answer 12

selective pain, temp and coarse touch loss bilaterally
proprioception, pressure, fine touch, vibration spared
motor spared

Question 13

normal aphasia: presentation and site of lesion

Answer 13

unable to identify common objects

left inferior parietal lobe

Question 14

Global aphasia: presentation and site of lesion

Answer 14

no speech, no understanding

severe left hemisphere infarct

Question 15

weak chest muscles: cause

Answer 15

guillaine barre syndrome

Question 16

weak/absent vocal cord movement: cause

Answer 16

recurrent laryngeal nerve damage