CNS Bacteria and Sexually Transmitted Flashcards
(19 cards)
What are the most common CNS infections caused by in neonates?
Streptococcus Group B (some A too) and Gram-Negative Bacilli
What is the most common cause of CNS infection in children ages between 1 month and 15 years?
Neisseria Meningitidis and Haemophilus Influenzae
What are the physical characteristics of Neisseria Meningitidis?
Gram Negative diplococci, Polysacchride capsule, Pili, Porins A/B. OXIDASE Positive
How does Neisseria Meningitidis become pathogenic?
Attach to epithelial cells by pili and are endocytosed where replication occurs. Transcytosis to subepithelial spaces where it can evade phagocytosis due to capsule. Lipooligosacchrade on cell wall - causes activation of inflammation allowing migration of pathogen
What are the clinical signs of Neisseria Meningitidis?
Most commonly follows mild nasopharynx symptoms, then acute onset fever, headache, chills, nuchal ridgity, and AMS. PETECHIAE on skin with hemorrhage spots called purpura.
What is a unique ailment caused by Neisseria Meningitidis?
Lipooligosacchrades on external surface can cause blood clots in vasculature and can cause amputations.
What are the physical characteristics of Neisseria Gonorrhea?
Gram Negative diplococci, Oxidase Positive, NO CAPSULE (different from meningitidis), sensitive to cold, and pili used for adhesion and transfer of genetic information.
What are the surface receptors of N. Gonorrhea?
Porins - interfere with PMN degranulation
Opa Proteins - opaque vs transparent
Receptors for human transferrin
LOS
How does N. Gonorrhea infect a host?
Sexual contact with infected individual, then pathogen adheres to none cilliated cells and transcytose into subepithelium to reproduce. (Same as N. Meningetidis)
How can N. Gonorrhea avoid the immune system?
Does NOT have a capsule, but has variable surface antigens. Many females are asymptomatic.
What are common symptoms for males/females?
Men - purulent drainage from penis
Women - some asymptomatic, vaginal d/c, dysuria, abd pain, can ascend to PID, and infect infants when birthed.
What is key in treating N. Gonorrhea?
Early diagnosis and complete treatment. However, many strains are becoming increasingly resistant to treatment.
How are Chlamydia and Chlamydophila different in localization of symptoms?
Chlamydia - primarily GU symptoms
Chlamydophilia - respiratory, bronchitis, pneumonia
What characterizes Chlamydia/Chlamydophila?
Gram Negative envelope with LOS, no cell wall, and no peptidoglycan. Two Forms:
How do Chlamydia-LGV invade and replicate?
No ciliated cells - GU, Resp, Eyes - Replicate inside PMN
Elementary Body - infectious form
Reticulate Body - intracellular form, released when cell bursts
What are the symptoms of Chlamydia?
A small lesion can develop 1-4 weeks afterwards and will experience some generalized pain/fever, then it can spread to lymph nodes, eventually causing chronic ulcerative phase and fistulas
What is the most common sexually transmitted disease?
C. Trachomatis
What is a syndrome males can get with C. Trachomatis?
Reiter Syndrome - urethritis, conjunctivitis, polyarthritis, and penile lesion.
What is a condition that C. Trachomatis can cause that can lead to blindness?
Chronic Keratoconjunctivitis, from poor sanitation or transfered from birth canal in new borns
