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Nervous System S > Cns Brain > Flashcards

Cns Brain Flashcards

1
Q

Central nervous system

A

Brain
Spinal cord

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2
Q

3 main parts

A

Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Brain stem

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3
Q

Meninges

A

Brain is wrapped in 3 layers of connective tissue

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4
Q

Meninges

A

Inner most layers
Covers PIA matter
Fibrous layer which carry food and oxygen to the brain
Outer layer called dura matter
Arachnoid between PIA and dura material
Between PIA and arachnoid is CSF

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5
Q

Foramina

A

Blood vessels and nerves enter the brain through holes in the skull

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6
Q

Blood Brian barrier

A

Protects brain from foreign substances
Protects the brian from hormones and neurotransmitters
Maintains homeostasis

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7
Q

Circle of Willis

A

Provides a safety mechanism if one of the arteries gets blocked the circle will still provide brain with blood

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8
Q

Circumventricular organs

A

Areas of the brain where BBB is weak and allows substances to cross into the brain freely
Pineal body
Neurohypophysis
Area postrema

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9
Q

Pineal body

A

Secretes melatonin and neuroactive peptides associated with circadian rhythms

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10
Q

Neurohypiphysis

A

Releases neurohormones like oxytocin and vasopressin (ADH) into the blood

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11
Q

Area postrema

A

Vomiting center
When a toxic substance enters blood stream it will get to the area postrema and may cause vomiting

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12
Q

BBB can be broken down by

A

Hypertension
Lack of congenital development
Hyperosmolaity
Radiation
Infection
Trauma ischemia inflammation pressure

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13
Q

Cerebrum

A

Only structure of the telencephalon
Largest portion of brain (80% mass)
Responsible for higher mental functions
-corpus callosum: interconnects left and right hemisphere

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14
Q

Cerebrum function

A

Control center of the brain
Largest and most prominent part of the human brain
Responsible for all voluntary activities
Site of intelligence learning and judgment
Functions in language conscious thought memory personality development and vision
Left right hemisphere
Linked by A tract
Tract tells what other gave is doing
Numerous folds

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15
Q

Right hemisphere

A

Creativity and artistic ability

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16
Q

Left hemisphere

A

Analytical and mathematic ability

17
Q

Frontal lobe

A

Anterior portion of each cerebral hemisphere
Body regions with the greatest number of motor innervation are represented by largest areas of motor cortex

18
Q

Parietal lobe

A

Primary area responsible for perception of somatesthetic sensation
Body regions with highest densities of receptors are represented by largest areas of sensory cortex

19
Q

Temporal lobe

A

Contain auditory centers that receive sensory fibers for cochlea
Interpretation and association of auditory and visual information

20
Q

Occipital lobe

A

Primary area responsible for vision and coordination of eye movements

21
Q

Folded outer surface

A

Cerebral cortex consists of gray matter

22
Q

Inner surface

A

Cerebral medulla Consists of white matter

23
Q

Cerebellum

A

Second largest part of the brain located at the back of the skull

24
Q

Cerebellum functions

A

Coordinates muscle movements balance posture and coordination
Receives sensory impulses from muscle tendons joints eyes and ears as well as input from brain centers

25
Q

Brain stem

A

Connects the Brian to the spinal cord
Consist of diencephalon, medulla oblongata pons and midbrain
Maintains life support system
Medulla Contains white mater
Invoulantary functions breathing heart rate digestion
RAS system
Pons link between cerebral cortex and cerebellum
Midbrain: smallest divison of the lower brain stem

26
Q

Thalamus

A

Composed of grey mater
Switching station for sensory input
Exception of smell
Passes information to the proper region of the cerebrum for further processing

27
Q

Epithalamus

A

Choroid plexus where CSF is formed
Pineal gland recreated melatonin

28
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Regulates sleep wake emotions sexual arousal anger fear pain
Stimulates hormonal release
Produces ADH and oxytocin
Sympathetic and parasympathetic reflexes

29
Q

Posterior pituitary

A

Stores and realizes ADH and ozytocin

30
Q

Anterior pituitary

A

Regulates secretion of hormones of other endocrine glands

31
Q

Kim if system

A

Thalamus hypothalamus deeper parts of cerebral cortex and temporal lobes
Emotions memory motivation

Nervous System S (4 decks)

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