CNS: Brainstem And Spinal Cord

Question 1

Parts of brain stem

Answer 1

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata

Question 2

Functions of brain stem

Answer 2

Passageway for all fiber tracks bw cerebrum and spinal cord
Innervation of face and head
Automatic behaviors- respiration, alertness, heart contractility

Question 3

Most inferior of brainstem continuous w/ spinal cord at level of Foramen magnum of occipital bone

Answer 3

Medulla

Question 4

2 longitudinal ridges on anterior surface of medulla

Answer 4

Pyramids

Question 5

In inferior regions of medulla

Answer 5

90% of fiber tracts decussate to opposite side resulting in each hemisphere controlling voluntary motor movement of contra lateral side of body

Question 6

Cluster of nuclei in medulla

Answer 6

Reticular formation

Question 7

Reticular formation contains

Answer 7

Cardiac center
Vasomotor center
Medullary respiratory center

Question 8

Four pairs of cranial nerves in medulla

Answer 8

Vestibulocochlear nerve CNVIII
Glossopharyngeal nerve CNIX
Vagus nerve CNX
Hypoglossal nerve CNXII

Question 9

Sensory nerve of hearing and equilibrium

Answer 9

Vestibulocochlear nerve CNVIII

Question 10

Innervates tongue and pharynx, allows taste and tactile sensation of posterior tongue

Answer 10

Glossopharyngeal nerve CNIX

Question 11

Innervates visceral organs in thorax and abdomen
Parasympathetic Innervation of organs in thorax and abdomen

Answer 11

Vagus nerve CNX

Question 12

Innervates tongue muscles and responsible for motor movement of tongue

Answer 12

Hypoglossal nerve CNXII

Question 13

Bulge wedged bw midbrain and medulla
Contains 3 cranial nerves which are

Answer 13

Pons
Trigeminal nerve CNV
Abducens nerve CN VI
Facial nerve CNVII

Question 14

Innervates skin of face and muscles of mastication

Answer 14

Trigeminal nerve CNV

Question 15

Innervates muscle moves eye laterally

Answer 15

Abducens nerve CNVI

Question 16

Innervates muscles of facial expression

Answer 16

Facial nerve CNVII

Question 17

Most superior part of brain stem bw diencephalon and pons
2 nerves are responsible for innervating eye muscles

Answer 17

Midbrain
Oculomotor nerve CNIII
Trochlear nerve CNIV

Question 18

Spinal cord function

Answer 18

Sensory and motor innervation
Path for signals bw body and brain
Major center for reflexes

Question 19

Where spinal cord located

Answer 19

Through vertebral canal of column from Foramen magnum of occipital bone
And ends at L1-L2 intervertebral disc
At end tapers into conus medullaris, filum terminale extends from conus meduallaris and attaches to coccyx inferiorly

Question 20

Transmit sensory information

Answer 20

Dorsal nerve roots

Question 21

Send motor signals

Answer 21

Ventral nerve roots

Question 22

Cervical spinal nerves emerge

Answer 22

Above their corresponding vertebra (C1-C7)

Question 23

From C8 downward

Answer 23

Rest of spinal nerves emerge below vertebra

Question 24

Collection of lumbar and sacral nerve roots at inferior end of vertebral canal

Answer 24

Cauda equina

Question 25

White matter divided into three funiculi

Answer 25

Dorsal
Ventral
Lateral funiculus

Question 26

White matter fibers carry information form one side of spinal cord to other

Answer 26

Commissural fibers

Question 27

Contains cell bodies of sensory neurons

Answer 27

Dorsal horn

Question 28

Contains cell bodies of motor neurons

Answer 28

Ventral horn

Question 29

Lateral projection of gray matter contains cell bodies of sympathetic neurons

Answer 29

Lateral horn