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RU PA Pharm > CNS IV > Flashcards

CNS IV Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

cyclobenzaprine

A

mm relaxer

TCA like effects because increases 5HT and NE and closes pain gait

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2
Q

Midrin

A

mm relaxer, has acetaminophen

antihistamine and babiturate like effects

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3
Q

Fiorinal

A

mm relaxer, has aspirin and caffeine

barbiturate like effects

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4
Q

Ergotamine

A

ergot, direct vasoconstrictor and 5HT agonist

  • explains Vascular hypothesis of Wolff
  • side effects: ergotism (nausea, gangrene)
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5
Q

sumatriptan

A

calcium gene related peptide reducer because activate 5HT1D and 5HT1B

  • explains sterile inflammation hypothesis of migraine
  • can cause coronary vasospasm and chest tightness, arrythmias, swollen neck, pain at the injection site and nausea/vomiting
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6
Q

propranolol

A

beta blocker, migraine prophylactic, reduces spreading depression because blocks NE

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7
Q

Amitriptyline

A

TCA, migraine prophylactic,

prevents excitation in locus cereleus that releases NE that blocks spreading depression

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8
Q

verapamil

A

Ca channel antagonist

-cluster headache

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9
Q

metoclopramide

A

DA and 5HT anatagonist
prevents nausea and promoted peristalsis
-widely used, cleaner drug

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10
Q

ondansetron

A

5Ht antagonist in the CTZ
facilitates peristalsis and reduces nausea
very expensive

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11
Q

prochlorperazine

A

reduces nausea and vomiting

broader spectrum of action and more SE

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12
Q

halothane

A

ptototypical abasthetic
not used much due to toxicity
halothane hep (because most metabolized
catecholamine sensitazation and arrhythmias

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13
Q

isoflurane

A

gas anasthetic

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14
Q

sevoflurane

A

gas anasthetic

most commonly used

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15
Q

nitrious oxide

A

gas anasthetic
MAC not achieved at normal barometri pressure
good analgesic
airway irritant

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16
Q

etomidate

A

iv anasthetic, barb

great inducing agent with few CV effects, used often with people with CV problems

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17
Q

propofol

A

iv anasthetic, barb, most widely used with short recovery period
CV and respiratory depresant
antiemetic

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18
Q

ketamine

A

iv anasthetic
indirect glu antagonist, dissociative anesthesia
psychotomimemtic effects, icreases SANS and great for hypovolemia
potent analgesic

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19
Q

fentanyl

A

iv opioid

potent analgesic

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20
Q

esters

A

local anasthetic
converted to PABA-hypersensitivity can occur
short acting because metabolised by non-specific esterases locally

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21
Q

procaine

A

local anasthetic

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22
Q

tetracaine

A

local anasthetic

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23
Q

amides

A

local anasthetic

longer acting. metabolized in liver comp to ester

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24
Q

lidocaine

Study These Flashcards
A

local anasthetic

25
bupivacaine
local anasthetic
26
phenytoin/fosphenynytoin
prototypical anti- epileptic Na+ channel inhibitor many side effects- fetal hydantoin syndrome therapeutic dosage close to zero-order and is highly bound fosphenynytoin-used to chase status epilepticus
27
phenobarbital
primary AED barbiturate with global inhibition, significant sedation and CYP induction -morbilliform rash
28
Carbamazepine
primary AED | Na+ channel inhibitor with numerous side effects due to P450 induction
29
divalproex(valproate)
primary AED - increases GABA and decreases Glu - broad spectrum agent that also blocks T Ca channels - high molecular burden associated with hep - very teratogenic
30
ethosuximide
primary AED T-type Ca channel inhibitor (that spread current through thalamus) -abscence seizures
31
lamotrigine
primary AED Na and Ca channel inhibitor broad spectrum
32
topiramate
primary AED many MOA (phenytoin, barbiturate like etc) SE: reduces contraception effectiveness, hyperthermia, glaucoma
33
levitiracetam
adjuvant AED | few side effects and few drug interactions
34
lorazepam
status epilepticus
35
Alteplase
tPA, trombolytic activates plasminogen in clots - forms plasmin-breaks bonds between fibrin molecules SE: bleeding and breaking clots in other locations
36
warfarin
anticoag reduces regeniration of Vit K and synthesis of factors II, VII, IX and X in liver -highly protein bounds, high food and drug interaction SE: bleeding requires INR monitoring
37
dabigatran
anticoag | thrombin inhibitor
38
heparin
anticoag | mostly inpatient
39
clopidogrel
platelet inhibitor, prevents platelet aggregation
40
aspirin
platelet inhibitor inhibit COX and thromboxane necessary for platelet activation SE: gastric bleeding and gastritis
41
mannitol
oasmotic diaretic used to reduce post-stroke edema
42
disulfiram
- anti alcoholism - causes dysphoria when alcohol is consumed because increases aldehydes by inhibiting aldehyde dehydrogenaze enzyme(nausea, vomiting, anxiety) - orthostasis
43
naltrexone
- anti alcoholism | - OPIATE ANTAGONIST, decreases overall pleasure
44
acamprosate
- anti alcoholism, - Glu antagonist and GABA agonist - attacks insentive salience
45
methadone
against opioid addiction
46
buprenophrine
against opioid addiction -partial opiod agonist/antagonist: in naive users analgesic/ in chronic precipitates withdrowal and provides opioid activity to ease withdrawal symtoms
47
varenicline
smoking sessation | partial agonist/antagonist at nicotinic receptors athat responsible for increasing DA in NA
48
bupropion
for general drug dependence DA agonist, antidepressant stimulates NA and increases reward activity when combined with counseling not very effective
49
chloral Hydrate
CNS depressant, | with EtOH -Mickey Finn: its active metabolite trichloroethanol is potent sedative hypnotic
50
methanol
CNS depressant formaldehyde toxicity treated with ethanol
51
fomepizole
DIRECT ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENAZE INHIBITOR | TX OF METHANOL AND ANTI-FRIZZ TOX
52
cannabidiol
mariuanna compound | reduces seizures in children in Dravet's syndrome
53
marinol
synthetic THC
54
interferon beta
MS 1st line slow progression of the disease Se: flue like symptoms, elevated liver enzymes
55
Glatiramer
MS 1st line reduces frequency of relapses but not progression mixture of 4 amino acids, serves as a decoy for immune system not to attack mylien
56
Terflunomide
MS 1st line reduces cell production (e.g activated T-cells) that modulate immune response SE: hair loss. diarrhea, nausea
57
Natalizymab
MS escalation therapy antibody, reduces migration of lymphocytes into CNS SE: rare PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCA: LEUCOENCEPALOPATHY
58
Fingolimod
MS escalation prevents lymphocytes regress from lymph nodes high risk of infections anf liver enzyme elevation

RU PA Pharm (5 decks)

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