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Question 2

Chest pain from pericardial inflammation in pericarditis is referred by which nerve?

Answer 2

(b) Phrenic nerve

The phrenic nerve refers pain from the pericardium to the shoulder and neck.

Question 3

What is the preferred site for pericardiocentesis?

Answer 3

(c) Subxiphoid

The subxiphoid approach is generally preferred for pericardiocentesis due to its safety and accessibility.

Question 4

A small or narrow blood pressure cuff can lead to:

Answer 4

(c) Falsely higher BP readings

A small cuff can lead to falsely high readings as it doesn’t compress the artery properly.

Question 5

Which of the following is associated with constrictive pericarditis?

Answer 5

(c) Pericardial knock

Pericardial knock is an extra heart sound associated with constrictive pericarditis.

Question 6

Omega-3 fatty acids (PUFA) have shown to:

Answer 6

(c) Decrease total mortality and sudden death in patients with IHD.

Omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to reduce mortality and sudden death in IHD patients.

Question 7

Which are considered cardioprotective fatty acids?

Answer 7

(c) Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are considered cardioprotective.

Question 8

Which types of hyperlipidemia are NOT associated with an increased risk of CAD?

Answer 8

(b) Type I and Familial mixed hypertriglyceridemia

Type I hyperlipidemia (Familial chylomicronemia) and Familial mixed hypertriglyceridemia are typically not associated with increased CAD risk.

Question 9

Which bacteria has been associated with atherosclerosis?

Answer 9

(b) Chlamydia pneumoniae

Chlamydia pneumoniae has been implicated in the development of atherosclerosis.

Question 10

What is the most important modifiable risk factor for atherosclerosis?

Answer 10

(b) Smoking

Smoking is a major modifiable risk factor for atherosclerosis.

Question 11

What is the most important modifiable risk factor for stroke?

Answer 11

(b) Hypertension

Hypertension is the most important modifiable risk factor for stroke.

Question 12

Which MI risk factor is also a risk factor for aortic aneurysm?

Answer 12

(c) Smoking

Smoking is a risk factor for both MI and aortic aneurysm.

Question 13

Hibernating myocardium is defined as:

Answer 13

(b) Ischemic myocardium with viable cells but depressed contractile function.

Question 14

Conduction of electrical impulse is fastest in which part of the cardiac conduction system?

Answer 14

(d) SA node

Question 15

ECG is less sensitive in detecting ischemia in the area supplied by which artery?

Answer 15

(d) Posterior descending artery

Question 16

Fusion beats are seen in:

Answer 16

(b) Ventricular tachycardia

Question 17

AV block with atrial tachycardia is often seen in:

Answer 17

(b) Digitalis toxicity with K+ depletion

Question 18

Stunned myocardium is defined as:

Answer 18

(c) Myocardium that exhibits prolonged post-ischemic contractile dysfunction after coronary reperfusion is achieved.

Question 19

Reperfusion is believed to restore contractile function of which type of myocardium?

Answer 19

(c) Both stunned and hibernating myocardium

Question 20

What is the most important cause of renovascular hypertension in young females?

Answer 20

(b) Fibromuscular dysplasia

Question 21

Which genetic abnormality is associated with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension?

Answer 21

(b) BMPR2 mutation

Question 22

What is the pathognomonic feature of rheumatic fever?

Answer 22

(b) Aschoff’s body

Question 23

What is the least common cause of endocarditis?

Answer 23

(d) Endocarditis associated with Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)

Question 24

Most friable vegetations on cardiac valves are seen in:

Answer 24

(b) Infective endocarditis

Question 25

Flat verrucous lesions present in pockets of valve on either or both sides of valve leaflets are seen in:

Answer 25

(c) Libman-Sacks endocarditis

Question 26

Small warty vegetations along the line of closure of valve are seen in:

Answer 26

(a) Rheumatic fever

Question 27

Diastolic murmur always signifies:

Answer 27

(b) Aortic regurgitation

Question 28

The Framingham criteria helps in the diagnosis of:

Answer 28

(b) Heart failure

Question 29

What is the condition of myocardium with normal function after a brief period of ischemia?

Answer 29

Myocardium with normal function after a brief period of ischemia.

Question 30

What is the condition of ischemic myocardium with viable cells but depressed contractile function?

Answer 30

Ischemic myocardium with viable cells but depressed contractile function.

Question 31

What is the condition of myocardium that exhibits prolonged post-ischemic contractile dysfunction after coronary reperfusion?

Answer 31

Myocardium that exhibits prolonged post-ischemic contractile dysfunction after coronary reperfusion is achieved.

Question 32

What is the condition of necrotic myocardium?

Answer 32

Necrotic myocardium with no viable cells.

Question 33

Reperfusion is believed to restore contractile function of which type of myocardium?

Answer 33

Both stunned and hibernating myocardium.

Question 34

What is the most important cause of renovascular hypertension in young females?

Answer 34

Fibromuscular dysplasia.

Question 35

Which genetic abnormality is associated with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension?

Answer 35

BMPR2 mutation.

Question 36

What is the pathognomonic feature of rheumatic fever?

Answer 36

Aschoff's body.

Question 37

What is the least common cause of endocarditis?

Answer 37

Endocarditis associated with Atrial Septal Defect (ASD).

Question 38

Most friable vegetations on cardiac valves are seen in which condition?

Answer 38

Infective endocarditis.

Question 39

Flat verrucous lesions present in pockets of valve on either or both sides of valve leaflets are seen in which condition?

Answer 39

Libman-Sacks endocarditis.

Question 40

Small warty vegetations along the line of closure of valve are seen in which condition?

Answer 40

Libman-Sacks endocarditis.

Question 41

What does a diastolic murmur always signify?

Answer 41

Mitral stenosis.

Question 42

The Framingham criteria helps in the diagnosis of what?

Answer 42

Heart failure.