Co Dominance, Multiple Alleles & the Hardy Weinberg Principle Flashcards
(15 cards)
Define co dominance
Both alleles are dominant and expressed in the phenotype
Define multiple alleles
More than 2 alleles that code for a characteristic, but only 2 can be present at the loci of an individuals homologous chromosomes
What does the Hardy Weinberg principle state
That if certain conditions are met, then the allele frequencies of a gene within a population will not change from one generation to the next
What are the conditions for the Hardy Weinberg principle
Mating must be random
Population must be large
No mutation, migration or selection must have occurred
No overlap between generations
What is the issue with the Hardy Weinberg principle
The conditions are very rarely, if ever all met in nature
What is the Hardy Weinberg principle useful for
Predicting how frequencies will change in future generations
What are the 2 equations used for the Hardy Weinberg principle
p+q=1
p²+2pq+q²=1
What does p represent
The frequency of the dominant allele
What does q represent
The frequency of the recessive allele
What does p² represent
Homozygous dominant genotype
What does q² represent
Homozygous recessive genotype
What does 2pq represent
Heterozygous genotype
Define gene pool
All of the genes within a population at one time
Define allele frequency
The proportion of an allele within the gene pool
What will the final answer of a Hardy Weinberg equation be
A decimal or a %
Unless it asks to work out a number
