Coastal Features

Question 1

Define ‘coast’

Answer 1

that part of the land most affected by its proximity to the sea and that part of the ocean most affected by its proximity to the land

Question 2

What area does the onshore zone of the coast stretch to

Answer 2

60km inland

Question 3

How far does the coastline’s offshore zone extend

Answer 3

370.4km out to sea

Question 4

What is the word which refers to a coastlines shape

Answer 4

topography

Question 5

What is the word which refers to a coastlines rock type

Answer 5

geology

Question 6

What is the word which refers to the slope of a coastline

Answer 6

relief

Question 7

The foot of the cliff in areas of hard rock is characterised by what

Answer 7

boulders and rocks

Question 8

When is there few rocks at the foot of the cliff

Answer 8

where the rock is soft

Question 9

What type of cliff usually has evidence of slumping

Answer 9

sock rock

Question 10

What type of cliff is characterised by high and steep cliff topography

Answer 10

hard rock

Question 11

What type of cliff has a rock structure parallel to the coast

Answer 11

Concordant

Question 12

What type of cliff has a rock structure perpendicular to the coast (at right angle to the sea)

Answer 12

Discordant

Question 13

Name a discordant coast

What rock structure does it have

Answer 13

Swanage

Rock structure at right angle to sea

Question 14

Name a concordant coast

What rock structure does it have

Answer 14

Lulworth Cove

Rock structure parallel with the coast

Question 15

What type of coast has straighter coastlines, give an example

Answer 15

Concordant coasts with parallel rock structure

Lulworth Cove

Question 16

What type of coastline commonly has headlands and bays, give an example

Answer 16

Discordant coasts,

Swanage

Question 17

Why do coasts have a more equable climate

Answer 17

waters SHC is higher than inland

= cooler in summer and warmer in winter than inland

Question 18

Why are coasts attractive for settlements

Answer 18

fertile land where rivers flow across floodplains

Question 19

How is fertile soil created near coasts

Answer 19

alluvium deposited in rivers and near deltas

Question 20

What do sheltered inlets provide for

Answer 20

land for docks e.g Hong Kong

Question 21

What type of landform are sand dunes?

Answer 21

depositional landform

Question 22

What type of beaches do sand dunes form on?

Answer 22

low-gradient wide beaches

Question 23

What do sand dunes need to form?

Answer 23

obstacle (e.g driftwood / vegetation)

Question 24

Name X2 threats to mangroves

Answer 24

provides fuel and timber

shrimp aquaculture

Question 25

What % of mangroves are destroyed for shrimp aquaculture

Answer 25

38%

Question 26

What % of mangroves are cleared for fuel / timber

Answer 26

26%

Question 27

What % of the worlds mangroves have been lost in the past 50yrs

Answer 27

1/2

Question 28

What type of water do mangroves prefer?

Answer 28

brackish

Question 29

What has the destruction of mangroves done for coastal protection and ecology?

Answer 29

destroyed breeding ground for many fish destroyed natural line of defence in storm surges / tsunamis

Question 30

What type of relationship do mangroves have w coral reefs

Answer 30

symbiotic

Question 31

What do mangroves do for coral reefs

Answer 31

help filter out sediment which could be harmful

Question 32

What do reefs do for mangroves

Answer 32

absorb wave energy than can damage mangroves

Question 33

What was the death toll in a Sri Lankan village which had mangroves after the 2004 Tsunami

Answer 33

2

Question 34

What was the death toll in a Sri Lankan village which had lost their mangroves prior to the 2004 Tsunami

Answer 34

6000

Question 35

What country is including mangrove plantation in its coastal zone policy?

Answer 35

Bangladesh

Question 36

How many hectares of land is being created and includes mangrove plantation in Bangladesh?

Answer 36

120,000 hectares

Question 37

What temperature do coral reefs grow best at

Answer 37

23-26'c

Question 38

Where do coral reefs mainly grow

Answer 38

between tropics

Question 39

What ocean condition is preferable for coral reefs

Answer 39

brackish

Question 40

What depth are most coral reefs at

Answer 40

where sea depth less than 25m

Question 41

Why do large sediment inputs damage coral reefs?

Answer 41

corals filter water for their food

Question 42

How do coral reefs act as a natural coastal barrier

Answer 42

dissipate wave energy and create a low-energy environment close to shore