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coastal processes and land forms Flashcards

learn key words (12 cards)

1
Q

abrasion

A

Erosion caused by friction when waves carry sand or pebbles and use them to wear away the landscape.

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2
Q

arches

A

Natural arch-shaped features in cliffs on the coastline that are formed by the erosion of a cave in a headland.

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3
Q

attrition

A

A type of erosion where rocks smash against each other making them smaller and more rounded.

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4
Q

back wash

A

he flow of water back into the sea after a wave has broken on a beach

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5
Q

faults

A

Major cracks in rocks caused by earth movements

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6
Q

deposition

A

The laying down of material in the landscape. Deposition occurs when the force that was carrying the sediment is reduced.

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7
Q

fetch

A

The distance over which wind has blown to create waves on the sea. The greater the fetch, the larger the waves.

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8
Q

hydraulic action

A

Erosion caused when water and air are forced into gaps in rock or soil.

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9
Q

landslide

A

The sudden collapse of a hillside under its own weight. Landslides are sometimes triggered on a cliff by erosion at the foot of the slope.

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10
Q

longshore drift

A

A process by which beach material Is moved along the coast.

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11
Q

offshore bar

A

A feature on the sea bed formed by the deposition of sand.

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12
Q

retreat

A

The gradual backward movement of a landform due to the process of erosion. The coastline retreats due to the erosion of a cliff.

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