Coastlines Flashcards
(18 cards)
What are the types of erosion?
Hydraulic action, abrasion, corrosion, attrition
What are the two wave types and what are their meaning?
Constructive wave: low energy and have stronger swashes than backwashes
Destructive wave: have stronger backwashes than swashes
What is hydraulic action?
When the force of water wears away material at the coast.
What is abrasion?
When pebbles grind along rock platforms over time become smooth.
What is attrition?
When the rocks that the sea is carrying knock against each other.
What is corrosion?
When acidic sea water dissolves the chalk.
What are the erosion landforms?
Wave cut platforms, headlands, stacks, bays, caves, stumps and arches
What are the two types of costal management?
Hold the line and do nothing
What is holding the line at the coast?
To maintain or update protection from flooding or erosion by holding the shore in broadly the same position.
What is do nothing the coast?
When you allow natural processes to take over, this may lead to areas of land being lost to the sea.
What are the deposition landforms?
Spits, salt marshes and beaches
What is longshore drift?
When sediment is carried along the coastline.
How are wave cut notches formed?
Wave cut notches are formed by a crack starting at the bottom of a headland due to hydraulic action, the crack then gets bigger by abrasion and hydraulic action until it creates a wave cut notch.
How is a cave formed?
After a wave cut notch expands due to costal erosion.
How are arches formed?
The cave gets bigger and bigger until it breaks through the back of the headland and creates an arch.
How are stacks formed?
A stack if formed when the arch continues to be eroded and eventually the top of the arch becomes too weak to support itself and collapses into the sea creating a stack.
How are stumps formed?
If the stack continues to be eroded the top becomes thinner and thinner until if falls off and creates a stump.
How long does it take for a stump to be formed?
Approximately 1000 years
