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Geography > Coasts > Flashcards

Coasts Flashcards

(36 cards)

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1
Q

What is weathering

A

When landscapes are eroded where they are

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2
Q

What is erosion

A

When rock is broken down and carried via transportation

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3
Q

What are the three types of weathering

A

Biological, chemical, mechanical

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4
Q

What is mechanical weathering

A

Breaking down of rock wothout changin the chemical composition
Eg: freeze thaw

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5
Q

Chemical weathering

A

Breaking down of rock by changing its chemical composition

Eg: acid rain

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6
Q

What is Mass movement

A

When large amounts of material moves down a slope

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7
Q

When is mass movement most likely to happen

A

When the material is full of water which acts as a lubricant which makes the material heavier

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8
Q

What are the different types of mass movement

A

Slides, slumps(rotational slip), rock falls

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9
Q

2 types of waves

A

Constructive and destructive

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10
Q

Destructive waves…

A

Erode the coast and they have a hogh frequency with a high and steep characteristic

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11
Q

Destructive waves have a stronger…

A

Backwash than swash

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12
Q

Constructive waves are…

A

Low frequence and have a low and long characteristic

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13
Q

Constructive waves have a stronger…

A

Swash than backwash

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14
Q

What are the different methods waves cause erosion

A

Hydraulic action, abrasion, attrition, solution

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15
Q

What is hydraulic action

A

When waves compress air into the cracks breaking it away

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16
Q

What is abrasion

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A

When waves throw small rocks against the coast which scrape away at it

17
Q

What is attrition

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A

When rocks in the water collide and make smaller pebbels

18
Q

What is solution

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A

When chemicals in the water erdoe the rocks away

Eg: limestone cliffs

19
Q

What does long shore drift do

Study These Flashcards
A

Trasports material along the coast

20
Q

Processes of transportation

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A

Traction, suspension, saltation, solution

21
Q

What is traction

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A

When large particles are rolled alkng the sea bed

22
Q

What is suspension

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A

When small particles are suspended above the sea bed

23
Q

What is saltation

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A

When sediment is bounced along the sea floor

24
Q

What is solution

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A

When sediment is dissolved and carried in the water

25
What is depostion
When sediment has been deposited because the sea has no energy
26
Coastlines can be two things, what are they?
Discourdant and concourdant
27
What is a discourdant coastline
When a coastline is made up of gard and soft rock in bands
28
What is a concourdant coastline
Bands of hard and soft rock parallel to the coast
29
What coastline do headlands and bays form on
Discourdant
30
Example of headland and bay is…
Swanage bay
31
What coastline are coves found on
Concourdant
32
How is a cove formed
When the softer rocks are eroded away faster than the hard rocks and they erode to form a circular bag with a narrow enterance Eg: laworth cove
33
How are caves formed
When there are crackes in a headland they then have waves crashing into them making them bugger forming a cave, erosion deepens it to form an arch Eg: durdle door
34
How is a stack formed
Erosion breaks the rock supporting the arch until it collapses leaving a stack Eg: old harry rocks
35
Wave cut platforms are formed by…
Waves casue most erosion at the bottom of the cliff causing a wave cut notch, gets bigger, rock above the notcb becomes unstable and eventually it collapses, material is then washed away and a new wave cut notch starts to form after repeating the cliff retreats leaving a wave cut platform Eg: kimerage
36
Depositional land forms
Beach, spits, bar (a spit joining two headlands together), sand dune’s

Geography (3 decks)

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